39 courses in the 1970–71 Undergraduate Calendar, read from the scanned original. The text comes from OCR, so check the scanned page before relying on a detail.
Department of Earth Sciences
P.F. Karrow, B.Sc. (Queen’s), Ph.D. (Illinois)
E.C. Appleyard, B.Sc. (Western), M.Sc, (Queen's), Ph.D. (Cambridge) C.R. Barnes, B.Sc. (Birmingham), Ph.D. (Ottawa) D.E. Lawson, B.Sc. M.Sc. (New Brunswick) R.G. Roberts, B.A. (Cambridge), M.Sc.,Ph.D. (McGill) DL. Salter, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Southampton)
W. Chesworth, M.Sc. (Manchester), Ph.D. (McMaster) R.N. Farvolden, M.Sc. (Alberta), Ph.D. (Illinois) O.L. White, B.Sc. (Melbourne), M.A.Sc. (Toronto)
Undergraduate Course Descriptions
Details of the undergraduate programmes offered by the Faculty of Science are to be found on page 137.
Earth Sciences 130 is prerequisite for all later courses in Earth Sciences with the exception of Earth Sciences 231* and 368%. All those majoring in Earth Sciences are required to take a two-week field camp at the end of second or third year. Earth Sciences students are encouraged to seek geological employment in the summers.
The materials of the earth: minerals and rocks. The Earth’s interior: heat and pressure. Volcanoes and earthquakes. The surface of the earth and how it changes. Mineral deposits. The history of the earth and life upon it. Application of geology to man’s use of environment. Field trips. 2 hours lecture, 2 hours lab alternate weeks. Fall term. Identical to Man-Environment 100*. Not avaliable to students in Regular Science programmes.
An elementary introduction to rocks, minerals, and fossils, geological processes and their effects, structural geology, economic geology, and historical geology. Map study. Field trips. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
Introductory mineralogy and crystallography. Structures of minerals related to physical and morphological properties. Mineral chemistry. Systematic and determinative mineralogy; occurrence of rock-forming and common ore minerals. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, fall term.
The classification and identification of sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic rocks. The study of rocks in thin sections. Laboratory study of petrographic methods and problems. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, winter term.
An introduction to surveying instruments and methods, drawing, cartography, and photogrammetry. Includes a two-week field camp at the end of second or third year. 4 hours laboratory, fall term.
Department of Earth Sciences
The historical development of North America with a systematic review of the major geologic events of the Precambrian, and the Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Laboratory study of stratigraphically important rocks and fossils; interpretation of geologic maps. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, winter term.
The origin and classification of landforms. Weathering and soil formation. Erosional and depositional processes. Laboratory study of topographic maps and air photo interpretation. Field trips. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, fall term.
Crystallography and stereographic projection. Principles of optical crystallography and the optical identification of minerals. Prerequisite: Earth Sciences 231*. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, winter term.
The principles and theories of igneous and metamorphic rock genesis. Silicate phase equilibria in magmatic and metamorphic systems. Magmatic series and igneous provinces. Controls of metamorphic crystallization; metamorphic facies concepts and series. Laboratory study of rocks and rock suites. Prerequisite: Earth Sciences 231*-241*. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory.
The principles of paleontology, including the species concept and evolution. The morphology, taxonomy, evolution, paleoecology, and stratigraphic value of fossil animals and plants, with special reference to the invertebrates. Field trip and laboratory study of fossils and fossil assemblages. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory.
The properties, classification, and formation of sedimentary rocks and sedimentary structures. Diagenesis. Sedimentary facies, environments and tectonics. Stratigraphic principles and practice. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
Primary and induced structures in igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. The physical properties of rocks and the effect of stress on them. The relationship between major and minor structures. Introduction to the methods and interpretation of petrofabrics. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory.
Introductory topics on the physics of the earth. Seismology and the earth’s interior. Thermal history of the earth. Gravity and isostasy. Origin of the continents and continental drift. (Identical to Physics 368*.) Prerequisite: Mathematics 130. 2 lectures, first term.
The geology of the ocean basins. Topics in physical oceanography. Physical properties of ocean water, heat budget of the world oceans. Oceanic circulations, Coriolis effects. Some idealized current regimes. (Identical to Physics 369*.) Prerequisite: Earth Sciences 368*. 2 lectures, second term.
Principles and processes governing the formation of metalliferous ore deposits, coal, petroleum and natural gas. The study of important examples primarily from Canada. Laboratory study will include instruction and practice in ore microscopy. Prerequisite: Earth Sciences 231*-241*, 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
A study of the origin and evolution of the Earth from a chemical standpoint. Fundamental chemical principles are reviewed and applied to the understanding of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Prerequsite: Earth Sciences 330. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
The geology, tectonics, stratigraphy, ore deposits, and history of the Canadian Precambrian Shield. Other Precambrian rocks in North America and other shield areas throughout the World. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, fall term.
A study of selected fossil groups to illustrate the application of paleontological data in solving stratigraphic problems. Methods of differentiation and correlation of rock units on the basis of their fossil assemblages. Types of paleontological zones. Field trips. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, fall term.
Each student will work under the direction of a member of the Department on a short research project. The results of this will be presented in thesis form and will be critically examined by members of this and, where pertinent, other departments.
The origin and growth of the continents and ocean basins. The development of shields; geosynclinal evolution; orogeny and epeirogeny. Continental drift and sea-floor spreading; paleoclimatology and paleogeography. 2 lectures, 2 hours seminar alternate weeks.
The application of geology to civil engineering problems. Introductory soil and rock mechanics. Urban and environmental geology. 2 lectures, 1 hour problems, winter term.
Groundwater hydrology. The location, exploitation, and conservation of groundwater resources. 2 lectures, 1 hour problems, fall term.
Stratigraphy and history of the Quaternary Period with emphasis on glaciation. Laboratory studies on glacial deposits. Field trips. A previous course in geomorphology is recommended. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, fall term.
Graduate and Research Programmes
The Department of Earth Sciences offers graduate work leading to the M.Sc. degree. All graduate courses are one term in length. The emphasis in graduate work in this department will be in the area of Environmental Geology, and will include specialization.
Lower Paleozoic Biostratigraphy.
Mineral Deposits.
Mineralogy.
Petrology.
Quaternary Geology.
Sedimentology.
Structural Geology.
Department of Earth Sciences 237
in groundwater geology, engineering and urban geology, industrial mineral and construction materials, geology of the Great Lakes and limnogeology, lower Palezoic biostratigraphy, and Quaternary geology. Present members of staff work in some of these areas and new faculty are being added. Faculty in allied fields make possible arrangements for interdepartment work in Civil Engineering (soil mechanics, engineering geology, sediment transport), Biology (palynology, invertebrate ecology), Chemistry (silicate geochemistry), Geography (geomorphology) and Anthropology (Paleo-Indian archeology). At present the following are fields in which research is in progress in the Department.
Conodont biostratigraphy, especially the Middle Ordovician of Ontario and Quebec and the Ordovician of the Arctic region; the ultrastructure of conodonts; stratigraphy and carbonate petrology of the Middle Ordovician in Ontario and Quebec.
Sulphide deposits associated with volcanic rocks. Hydrothermal alteration in the volcanic environment; the post-depositional history and metamorphism of sulphide deposits of volcanic origin.
Clay Mineralogy; X-ray diffraction identification techniques applied to clay minerals; clay mineralogy of Paleozoic, Cretaceous and Quaternary sediments. Mineralisation of Paleozoic dolomites.
The occurence and genesis of syn-orogenic alkaline gneisses, especially those in eastern Ontario and west Finnmark, Norway; the metasomatic origin of nepheline gneisses and the differentiation and evolution of igneous alkaline rocks. Petrology of igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Canadian Shield.
Quaternary stratigraphy and paleontology; characteristics of glacial deposits, particularly of the last or Wisconsinan glaciation; bedrock topography; landslide geomorphology; applications of Quaternary geology to mineral resources, engineering and planning.
Sedimentology of the Torridonian (Precambrian) rocks of northwest Scotland; rudaceous sediments; coastal and near shore sedimentation; the origin and environmental significance of primary structures in clastic sediments; modern sediments of the fluvial and lacustrine environments.
Structural analysis of polyphase deformation in rocks of the Grenville tectonic province; the structural setting of syn-orogenic alkaline rocks in eastern Ontario and northern Norway.
Graduate Courses
Analysis of the factors controlling the distribution of organisms and fossils. Important zone fossils of invertebrates, vertebrates and plants will be studied with reference to their vertical and lateral distribution. Problems of migration, dispersion, and provincialism will be considered in detail.
Selected topics in paleontology will be studied in depth with emphasis on micropaleontology and paleoecology. The paleontology of conodonts, scolecodonts, radiolarians, chitinozoans, acritarchs and other micro-fossils will be included together with an outline of paleoecology with reference principally to the invertebrates. Methods and techniques of paleontological study will be covered in the laboratory.
The origin of recent clastic and non-clastic sediments, the study of composition, structures, relationships and environments towards an interpretation of ancient sedimentary rocks. The origin and significance of sedimentary structures, environmental associations, sedimentological models, hydrodynamics.
The interpretation of ancient sedimentary rocks. Paleo-current and basin analysis, the geometry of sedimentary bodies, the meaning of facies, geochemical environment indicators. Pyroclastics and volcanic sediments.
The interpretation of the mineralogy, textures, structures and geochemical characteristics of metamorphic rocks related to their natural occurrence. Problems of the recognition, origin and development of metasomatic rocks.
The mechanisms and styles of rock deformation and the application of experimental studies. Criteria for the interpretation of multiphase deformation including the principles, methods and limitations of statistical analysis of fabric elements.
The relationship of igneous and sedimentary processes to the concentration of metalliferous ore deposits. Emphasis will be placed on the theoretical aspects of the development of a sulphide phase during the crystallization of magma. The post-depositional history of ore deposits.
Geological aspects of locating, working and utilizing industrial minerals and constructional materials. Problems of quantity, quality and value of such deposits will be evaluated and will be specifically related to those deposits in southern Ontario. Mineral economics and urban geology will be considered. Field trips will be an important part of the practical work of the course.
Structure, classification and nomenclature of clay minerals, Identification of clay minerals by X-ray diffractometry, with emphasis on the identification of clay mineral assemblages from argillaceous sediments. Ancillary identification techniques. Optical, ion exchange and absorption properties of clay minerals. Genesis and environmental significance of clay minerals. Uses of clay minerals. Laboratory work to include the preparation of samples, running of diffractograms and their interpretation.
Selected topics in the study of the Quaternary, with emphasis on the direct and indirect effects of glaciation. The interdisciplinary aspects of the Quaternay.
Department of Earth Sciences
Selected topics dealing with the stratigraphy, sedimentology, pdleontology, petrology, structure, and economic geology of the Great Lakes area will be covered. Special reference will be devoted to the development of the Michigan Basin, the metallic and industrial mineral resources of the region, the glacial history, formation of the Great Lakes and recent sedimentation, and regional groundwater problems.
Seminars will be held to cover major topics excluded from other available courses. Graduate students will be required to present for discussion short colloquia based on their reading of assigned topics. Participation in the discussions, as well as the actual presentation of papers, will be integral part of the course.
Special topics may be studied in the fields of specialization of the faculty of the Department, by special arrangement with the faculty member concerned.
Professor Chairman of the Department Professor Visiting Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor J
Associate Professor Deputy Chairman Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Lecturer Lecturer (part-time) Lecturer (part-time)
Associated Faculty Professor
Associate Professor