OPTOM 380 School of Optometry
Course Descriptions
Students in other disciplines may register for Optometry courses upon the approval of the Director of the School of Optometry.
Optometry (OPTOM)
49 courses in the 1971–72 Undergraduate Calendar, read from the scanned original. The text comes from OCR, so check the scanned page before relying on a detail.
Notes
School of Optometry EJ. Fisher, B.4., M.A. (Toronto) D.Sc. (Penn. College of Optometry)
C.W. Bobier, B.4. (Toronto), M.Sc. (Ohio),O.D. (College af Optometry of Ontario)
Faculty listed in 1971–72
W:S. Long B.A. (Toronto) O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario) W.M. Lyle, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
M.E. Woodruff, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry af Ont)
T.P. Grosvenor, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Ohio State)
J.D. Moreland, B.A. (London U.), Ph.D. (Imp. Coll.)
A. Remole, B.F.A. (Manitoba), M.Sc., Ph.D. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
T.D. Williams, M.Sc., Ph.D. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry, Ont) G.C.S. Woo, M.Se., Ph.D. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario}
Irving Baker, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
M.G. Fernando, M.B., B.S. (Ceylon), Ph.D. (Singapore)
D.H: Lamont, B.A. (Toronto), OC.
Faculty listed in 1971–72
Marvin Lunsky, M.Sc. (Indiana), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario) A. Nichols, B.4., Ph.D. (McGill)
B.B. Sparks, M.D. (Toronto)
G.W. Wyszecki, Dip. Ing. Dr.Ing. (Tech. Univ., Berlin)
S. Albright, Dip. Opt. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
W.R. Andrews, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
R.R. Bock, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
E.L. Buchner, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
M.G.E. Callender, B.Sc. (S.G.W.U.), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
D.R. Gilhooey, B.Sc. (Saskatchewan), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
L. Gold, Dip. Opt. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Garry Grant, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Ronald R. Hansford, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
D.R. Larkworthy, Dip. Opt. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
A. MacKinnon, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
M.S. Munn. Dip. Opt (College of Optometry of Ontario).
Harvey Naftolin, 0.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
R.D. Pellowe, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
John D. Price, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Howard C. Thompson, B.4. (Toronto), O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Ronald B. Watson, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Alan J. Baldock, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Lome S. Joyce, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
Robert Coles, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
J.D. Pollock, O.D. (College of Optometry of Ontario)
James Moir
Hartley Thompson
Douglas Gregory
Michael Kirby
OPTOM 200 History and Orientation
A brief history of the profession; a review of the development of visual science; a consideration of legal and organizational development of optometry; the role of professional associations. The scope and nature of optometrical practice and the relationship of the profession to other professions and the community. 2 lectures, Fall Term.
OPTOM 211 Physiological Optics
The eye as an optical instrument. The refracting mechanism; accommodation, pupil action and lid action; the passage of light in the eye; stray light in the eye; analysis of the retinal stimulus pattern. 3 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Physics 236.
OPTOM 214 Anatomy of the Eye and Associated Structures
The gross, microscopic and ultra structure of ocular tissues will be examined in detail. Extensive dissection of various eyes will be completed. Bone and other supportive structure will be studied in the laboratory with emphasis directed toward application of anatomical knowledge to related courses in pathology and clinical optometry. Embryology and Comparative Anatomy are included. 5 lectures, 4 hours laboratory, Winter term. (Full Course). Prerequisite: Biology 201, Optometry 211*
OPTOM 216 Advanced Geometrical Optics
An extension of geometrical optics given in Physics 236 dealing with the optics of surfaces, prism, thin and thick lens systems including the eye, aberrations of such systems and their correction; optical and ophthalmic instruments. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Physics 236.
OPTOM 301 Physiological Optics
Ocular motility: description and analysis of eye movements, measurement of eye movements, the innervational systems of the extraocular and intraocular musculature. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory Prerequisite: Optometry 211*
OPTOM 302 Clinical Optometry
Lectures on clinical techniques for examination of the optical properties of the eye. Included will be:—measurement of the visual acuity, theory and practise of retinoscopy, ophthalmoscopy, keratometry, subjective sight testing, measurement of amplitude of accommodation, and calculation of reading addition. A laboratory course in which these techniques will be demonstrated and practised will run concurrently. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, Fall term. Prerequisite: Optometry 211*
OPTOM 305 General Pathology
A study of the basic disease processes including inflammation, degeneration, neoplasia. The properties of pathogenic microorganisms and the specific diseases with which they are associated. Resistance, immunity, hypersensitivity. Diseases caused by physical agents other than microorganisms. Principal diseases affecting each organ system. 3 lectures, Ihour tutorial, Fall Term. Prerequisites: Biology 201, Optometry 214
School of Optometry
OPTOM 306 Optometrical Optics
The hisotry and manufacture of optical glass, ophthalmic lens surfacing and design, classification and performance of single vision ophthalmic lenses, prismatic effects, transposition, absorptive lenses and lens coating, problems and solutions in fitting ophthalmic lenses to the eyes. The laboratory course deals with processing all types of ophthalmic material, as well as optical bench experiments. 3 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Fall term Prerequisite: Optometry 216*
OPTOM 311 Physiological Optics
The visual process: retinal structure; photopigments; photoreception; electrophysiology of the retina and higher centres. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory Prerequisite: Optometry 301*
OPTOM 312 Clinical Optometry
Clinical techniques for the examination of the binocular relations of the non-strabismic patient, with particular emphasis on the study of the relationship between accommodation and convergence; techniques of phorometry, prism vergence tests, relative accommodation tests, dynamic retinoscopy, and monocular and binocular cross cylinder tests. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 302*
OPTOM 315 General Pathology
A continuation of 305* 3 lectures, 1 hour tutorial, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 305*
OPTOM 316 Optometrical Optics
A continuation of 306*, dealing with problems peculiar to bifocal and multifocal lenses. Aberrations of thin lenses and the design of lenses for ophthalmic use. 3 lectures, 2 hour laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 306*
OPTOM 401 Physiological Optics
Psychophysics of vision: light and dark adaptation; spatial and temporal light discrimination; normal and defective colour vision. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory Prerequisites: Optomety 301*, 311*
OPTOM 402 Clinical Optometry
The sequence of testing in the clinical examination will be outlined. Stress will be on case history, tests of the integrity of the visual system, tests of the refractive properties, and tests of binocular relations. The integration of these tests into a satisfactory clinical analysis and modes of treatment will constitute a large part of the course. 3 lectures, 1 hour laboratory, Fail term. Prerequisites: Optometry 302*, 312*
OPTOM 404 Physiology of the Visual Systems
Vascular supply; physiology of the cornea and lids; formation, supply and drainage of the ocular fluids; intraocular pressure, metabolism of cornea, lens, vitreous and retina; effects of drugs producing miosis, mydriasis, cycloplegia, spasm of accommodation and anaesthesia of the ocular surfaces; neurophysiology of the retina, sensory and motor pathways and the brain centres of the visual system. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Fall term Prerequisite: Optomety 214
OPTOM 405 Ocular Pathology
A detailed study of the diseases which involve the eye and related structures with emphasis on early recognition. Symptomatology, differential diaonncic Fuidanra nf cvctanin Ain--~~- -- ---~ s
School of Optometry
2 lectures, 1 hour tutorial, Fall term. Prerequisites: Optometry 305%, 315*
OPTOM 406 Optometrical Optics
The lecture course will deal with the problems involved in the selecting, preparing and fitting ophthalmic materials. Consideration of optical, cosmetic and comfort requirements. The laboratory course will give the student experience in working with lenses and frames as he prepares ophthalmic materials for clinic patients. 1 lecture, 2 hours laboratory, Fall term. Prerequisites: Optometry 306%, 316*
OPTOM 408 Optometry Clinic
The student is assigned to the Visual Analysis Clinic and under the direct supervision of optometrists of the clinic staff, carries out routine clinical investigations of patients who attend the public clinic. 6 hours clinic, Fall term. Prerequisite: Permission of Clinic Director.
OPTOM 409 Light and Hlumination
Light sources, transmitting and reflecting surfaces; principles of radiometry and photometry; illumination and related factors involved in the control of the visual environment. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Fall term.
OPTOM 411 Physiological Optics
Binocular vision and perception: The binocular system; binocular integration and interaction; effects of disparate stimulation; perceived size, shape, direction, distance, motion, illusions. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, Prerequisite: Optometry 401*
OPTOM 412 Clinical Optometry
A continuation of 402*. The detection of strabismus and techniques for testing the sensory and motor characteristics of the strabismic patient. The aim will be to allow the student to evaluate the likelihood of achieving a cure by non-surgical means. The techniques of orthoptics and visual training by which a rehabilitation of vision can be attempted will be described and demonstrated. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisites: Optometry 302*, 312*, 402*
OPTOM 414 Physiology of the Visual Systems
A continuation of 404* 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 404*
OPTOM 415 Ocular Pathology
A continuation of 405*. 2 lectures, 1 hour tutorial, Winter term Prerequisite: Optometry 405*
OPTOM 416 Optometrical Optics
A continuation of 406*. 1 lecture, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 406*
OPTOM 417 Optometrical Specialties AeOm M41 4 mss.
A series of lectures and laboratories on the handling of patients in specialized areas of optometric practice. These include contact lens fitting, the fitting of aids for subnormal vision, and the correction of aniseikonia. 3 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term. Prerequisites: Optometry 401*, 402%, 408*
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School of Optometry
Prerequisite: Optometry 408*
OPTOM 428 Summer Clinic
Each student is required to complete 60 hours of clinical practice during the summer term. Times will be arranged by the student with the approval of the clinic staff. Prerequisite: Permission of Clinic Director.
OPTOM 500 Optometrical Jurisprudence and Praxis
Lectures on laws governing the practice of Optometry in Canada and laws relating to the rights and responsibilities of the optometrist in his relations with his patients; the establishment and management of optometric practice; economics, taxes, insurance, accounting, office design, mode of practice, professional organization and societies. 2 lectures, Fall term.
OPTOM 501 Physiological Optics
Assignments will include preparing for seminars on topics of interest, reviews, library and laboratory researches by individuals or small groups. Consideration will be given to the individual student’s special interests. Students who have demonstrated a particular interest in and aptitude for physiological optics and who are interested in research in this area may elect this course as an alternative to Psychology 355*-357*. 3 hours, Fall term. Prerequisites: Optometry 401*, 411*
OPTOM 502 Advanced Clinical Optometry
The lecture portion of this course will! deal with special techniques of clinical optometry for examination of refractive properties and binocular relations; techniques of binocular refraction, prism adaptation; seminars and the presentation of clinical case reports by the student for defense and criticism will constitute a part of the course. 3 lectures, Fall term. Prerequisites: Optometry 302*, 312%, 402*, 412*
OPTOM 504 Pharmacology
Neurohumoral theory, responses to drugs, sterile techniques, disinfectants. Drugs used in contact lens practice, drugs used topically on the eye, drugs used as diagnostic aids. Side effects of all drugs on the eye and vision. 2 lectures, Fall term. Prerequisites: Optometry 404,* 405*, 415*
OPTOM 508 Optometry Clinic
The clinic is the culmination of the optometry student’s educational career. Emphasis will be placed on vision care to patients of all ages and walks of life. The clinical interne performs the total work of an optometrist under the supervision and counsel of clinical faculty. Specialty clinics will be operated within the clinic organization to obtain facility of application of appropriate skill in pathology detection, orthoptics and vision training, contact lens application, the detection and rehabilitation of perpetual-motor problems, the problems associated with the low-vision patient. 22 hours clinic, Fall term. Prerequisite: Permission of Clinic Director.
OPTOM 509 Public Health Optometry
The role of optometry in providing vision care to society and the community. Optometrical services to industry, in schools, the role of vision in the safe operation of highway vehicles and airplanes as well as the role of optometry in private and government programs of vision care and health insurance. Epidemiology. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Fall term.
School of Optometry
OPTOM 510 Optometrical Jurisprudence and Praxis
A continuation of 500*. 2 lectures, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 500
OPTOM 511 Physiological Optics
A continuation of 501* 3 hours, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 501.
OPTOM 512 Advanced Clinical Optometry
A continuation of 502*. 3 lectures, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 502*
OPTOM 514 Genetics For Optometrists
A brief review of Mendelian genetics, and the molecular basis of modern genetics. Inherited conditions of particular interest, e.g., colour vision, albinism, aniridia, refractive error, retinoblastoma, etc. Genetic counseling, and the detection of carriers. 2 lectures, Winter term. Prerequisites: Optometry 405*, 415%.
OPTOM 518 Optometry Clinic
A continuation of 508*. 22 hours clinic, Winter term. Prerequisite: Optometry 508*
OPTOM 519 Public Health Optometry Definition and Scope Admission Standards Research in Progress
A continuation of 509*. 2 lectures, 2 hours laboratory, Winter term.
Graduate and Research Programmes
The School of Optometry offers graduate work leading to the M.Sc. degree in Physiological Optics. All graduate courses are one term in length.
Physiological Optics is, broadly speaking, the scientific study of vision and the eye. Specifically, it is the branch of science concerned with vision and its physical, physiological and psychological ramifications. Thus Physiological Optics is multidisciplinary since it interrelates anatomy, physics, biochemistry, physiology and psychology in the creation of new knowledge and understanding of ocular functions and visual processes.
This programme is open to the graduates, with at least a B average, from Schools of Optometry with undergraduate programmes equivalent to the Optometry programme at University of Waterloo. Students who have completed B.Sc. in other areas with at least B standing will be considered for admission only after successful completion of one or more qualifying years. The “qualifying programme” would be planned in consultation with the faculty in the School of Optometry, and designed to remove deficiencies in the background of students so that they would have academic qualifications equivalent to honours graduates in Optometry before entering the M.Sc. programme.
The effects of pupil size on space perception as manifest in changes in the Pulfrich Phenomenon and the horopter are being studied. Changes in the time characteristics of eye movements as related to eye movement exercises are being investigated.
0* Vegetative Physiology of the Visual System
School of Optometry 385
Clinical research in contact lenses, and their effects on the eyes and in vision aids for the partially sighted.
Physical properties of ophthalmic lenses, surface quality, focal properties, design, absorptive properties.
A study of children with Down’s syndrome (mongolism) is being conducted. These children are being assessed as to the prevalence of ocular defects and their dermatoglyphic patterns are being obtained at the same time. The chromosomal abnormality seems to be associated with specific changes in the patterns of the lines and ridges on their fingers which correlate well with their karyotype. The accompanying ocular defects are being tabulated and will be compared on a statistical basis with the reported prevalence of each defect in normal children.
Research on drug induced vision effects which tend to impair driving performance.
Effects of intermittent stimulation on border enhancement.
Effects of wave length on subjective intermittence patterns.
Improved instrument for wide-angle ophthalmoscopy.
Interrelations between fixation patterns and visual acuity in amblyopia.
A comparison of the amount and kinds of corneal astigmatism present in Amerind children in Northern Saskatchewan with similar measurements on other Amerinds, Caucasians and Maori children.
Data on the refractive state of the eye, corneal, curvature, corneal astigmatism, ocular astigmatism, corrected and uncorrected visual acuity of Amerind children from the James Bay Zone is presently under assessment and comparison with samples of other child populations.
Children between birth and the fifth year of life are being examined as part of a continuing longitudinal study of ocular refractive trends during this life period. This is a continuation of a cross sectional study of the same age group.
A search for the effects of high altitude parachute jumping on the eye is being conducted on two subjects.
A qualitative and quantitative study of lacrimal] proteins and cations in the presence of pollutants and extraocular foreign bodies is under way. Initial studies indicate that larger numbers of fractions can be segregated and identified than has been the case heretofore. The application of these findings to contact lens wear is a concomitant part of the study.
Evaluation of the efficiency and economy of methods for vision screening of populations of varying ages.
Census of ocular problems of the institutionalized aged.
The effect of contact lenses on lacrimal fluids.
The assessment of the effects of soft-contact lenses on ocular tissues and fluids.
Biophysics of colour vision: a large trichromatic colorimeter is being constructed for fundamental research.
Graduate Courses
Glandular and secretory mechanisms of the eye, intraocular fluid dynamics. Physiological and physical properties of the cornea, crystalline lens, and vitreous.
One term, 3 lectures
School of Optometry
OPTOM 601 Optical Characteristics of the Eye
The refractive state of the eye and its variables; transmittance, absorption, scattering by the ocular media; pupil size, aberrations, diffraction limitations, resolution, and contrast transfer functions. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 602 Ocular Motility
Kinematics of eye movements, specification of the direction of regard, neurology of oculomotor functions, oculomotor systems and types of eye movements, the pathologies of oculomotor systems and their effects. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 603 Accommodation and Convergence
Mechanism of accommodation; stimulus to accommodation; time and amplitude characteristics of the response; synkinesis of accommodation and convergence, ACA ratio, the zone of clear single binocular vision. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 604 Visual Perception of Space
Oculocentric and egocentric directionalization; monocular clues for depth perception; distance and size relationships; real and apparent motion; the theoretical and nonius horopter and the apparent fronto-parallel plane; stereopsis; aniseikonia; Pulfrich effects; alley experiments and the geometry of visual space. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 605 Psychophysics of Colour Vision
Normal and defective spectral sensitivity, colour discrimination and colour matching functions. Colour perception in the peripheral retina and by small fields. Chromatic adaptation. The Stiles-Crawford, Bezold -Briicke and colour contrast effects. Colour vision in animals. Theories of colour vision. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 606 Radiation and the Visual Stimulus
Measurement and specification of light; radiometric and photometric relationships; spectrophotometry and the colour-metric (C.I.E.) specification of visual stimuli; radiation limits of the visual system. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 607 Physiology of the Visual Process
Anatomy and neurophysiology of the retina, lateral geniculate body and cortex; photochemistry of vision, electrophysiology of the visual system. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 608 Special Topics in Physiological Optics
Topics in the fields of specialization of the faculty may be studied by special arrangement with the faculty member, the student, and his committee. One term, 3 lectures
OPTOM 609 Current Problems in Physiological Optics
Seminars covering major topics not presently included in available courses. Graduate students will make presentations on readings or research. Participation in discussions will be an integral part of the course. Credit to be arranged
OPTOM 699 Thesis
Credit to be arranged
Associate Professor and Chairman of the Department Professor Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Professor
Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor
Associate Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor Assistant Professor J Assistant Professor J Assistant Professor J Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Lecturer J
Lecturer
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Note to General Philosophy Students