69 undergraduate courses in the 2026–27 Undergraduate Calendar, and 14 graduate courses in the Fall 2026 Graduate Calendar.
Undergraduate
BME 101Communications in Biomedical Engineering-Written and Oral0.25 units
This course introduces first-year students to biomedical engineering with a focus on the engineering profession and technical communication skills. Through in-class and independent activities leading to formative and summative assessments, students will consider and reflect on communication intention, audience, content, medium, format, and tone to demonstrate and improve upon their listening, written and oral communication skills for academic, engineering, and professional context.
BME 101LCommunications in Biomedical Engineering-Visualization0.25 units
This laboratory course introduces students to visual communication methods relevant to engineering analysis and design. Through in-class and independent activities leading to formative and summative assessments, students will consider and reflect on communication intention, audience, content, medium, format, and level of detail to demonstrate and improve upon their skills in graphing, freehand sketching, technical drawing, and computer-aided design (CAD).
Biomedical engineering first-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
Introduction to computational problem-solving for biomedical engineering with emphasis on computational thinking, algorithmic methods, and modern software principles. Topics include machine models and program execution, data types and control flow, input/output, loops, functions, arrays, and abstraction through pointers, memory management, and object-oriented programming. Programming practice, testing, and debugging are reinforced through biomedical applications such as data analysis, physiological monitoring, and decision-support.
Introduction to data structures and algorithms with emphasis on abstraction, problem-solving, and efficient organization of data. Topics include recursion, dynamic memory management, sequential and linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, graphs, fundamental algorithms for sorting and searching, and the analysis of algorithm efficiency in terms of time and memory. Problem-solving strategies, abstraction, and good programming style are emphasized with applications drawn from biomedical domains such as electronic medical records, health care management systems, and related biomedical data operations.
BME 123Introduction to Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence0.25 units
Key concepts in machine learning and artificial intelligence. Terminology, types of machine learning, data preparation, generalization and validation, overview of core models (decision trees, linear regression, logistic regression, and neural networks), construction of AI chatbots, biomedical applications, ethics, and regulation.
BME 141Introduction to the Practice of Biomedical Engineering 10.25 units
In this course, Biomedical Engineering students will explore the fields of biomedical engineering, and how research and industry contribute to the development of biomedical technologies. Biomedical engineering as a profession will be discussed.
BME 142Introduction to the Practice of Biomedical Engineering 20.25 units
In this course, Biomedical Engineering students will engage in technical skills development workshops to support practical application of biomedical engineering. Competencies in written communication will be developed as students engage in self-reflection and building a portfolio.
BME 161Introduction to User-Centered Biomedical Design 10.50 units
In this course, students will engage in team-based design project with a focus on needs assessment at a systems level including considering of person, tasks, tools, and environment. Students will learn about the user-centered, iterative engineering design process and human factors design principles and techniques. Specific topics include failure in design, engineering professionalism, project management, teamwork, problem definition, design specifications, design documentation, and user capabilities with a focus on physical and cognitive ergonomics.
BME 162Introduction to User-Centered Biomedical Design 20.50 units
In this course, students will engage in team-based design project with a focus on engineering analysis, prototyping, and testing. Students will learn about the user-centered, iterative engineering design process and human factors design principles and techniques. Specific topics include design specifications, QFD, design documentation, decision-making tools, function analysis, physical and cognitive ergonomics, teamwork, and ethical user testing.
Introduction to the basic theory and principles of mechanics of static systems. Topics covered include statics of particles, rigid bodies and force systems, equilibrium of rigid bodies, analysis of joints and frames, distributed forces, centroids and moments of inertia, and friction. Applications of mechanical principles to musculoskeletal systems will be presented.
The stoichiometry of compounds and chemical reactions. Periodicity and chemical bonding. Electronic structure of atoms and molecules, correlation with the chemical reactivity of common elements, inorganic and organic compounds. Kinetics and thermodynamics in chemical systems. Introduction to electrochemistry, analytical chemistry, and acid/base reactions. Structure, nomenclature, and reactions of important classes of organic compounds and functional groups. Introduction to synthetic and biological polymers and polymerization reactions. Surface chemistry, catalysis, and enzymes. Applications of chemistry principles in biomedical engineering.
Biomedical engineering second-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
Biomedical engineering second-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
BME 213Statistics and Experimental Design0.50 units
Fundamentals of probability and statistics, and applications to biomedical engineering. Random variables and statistical distributions, statistical estimation, hypothesis testing, regression, and experiment design considerations. Statistical analysis computing tool, such as R, will be introduced with applications to biomedical experiments, biomedical imaging data, and clinical trials.
BME 241Introduction to the Practice of Biomedical Engineering 30.25 units
In this course, students will explore health care systems and engage with stakeholders and communities impacted by biomedical engineering solutions. In-class activities will support the students in enhancing oral communication competencies for meaningful engagement with stakeholders.
Models and analysis of linear systems in the context of measurement and processing of biosignals such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and electromyography (EMG). Discrete and continuous time systems, difference and differential equations, impulse and frequency response, transform domain techniques, transfer functions and frequency response, frequency domain analysis of linear systems, sampling theory, stability, and linear filters.
BME 261Prototyping, Simulation and Design0.50 units
Students develop biomedical systems through integrated design approaches involving mechanical, electrical, and software components. The course emphasizes problem-solving, simulation, and prototyping, with exposure to development cycles and revision control. Students apply engineering principles from multiple domains and use tools such as CAD and digital manufacturing tools to create functional prototypes. Integration of subsystems across multiple domains will be reinforced through overlapping elements with BME 252, BME 284, BME 294, and BME 294L.
Introduction to mechanical response of materials and stress-strain relationship. Behaviour of prismatic members in tension, compression, shear, bending, and torsion. Introduction to deflection of beams and instability. Mechanical properties of biological tissues, such as bone, ligaments, and cartilage. Introduction to viscoelastic models.
BME 282Materials Science for Biomedical Engineers0.50 units
Crystalline structure, crystal defects, non-crystalline materials, structure and properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Factors in materials design, material selection and processing in the context of biomedical devices will also be discussed.
BME 284Physiological and Biological Systems0.50 units
The structure, functions, and properties of the major biological systems (musculoskeletal, nervous, cardiovascular) will be presented in relation to the design of biomedical devices (imaging, assistive, and diagnostic). Various aspects of pathology and how they influence medical device design will also be discussed.
Introduction to basic concepts of biochemistry and cell biology. Overview of the chemistry of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acid. Structure and properties of proteins and enzymes. Elements of cell structure and diversity, and relationship of biochemistry with cell metabolism. A focus on biomedical engineering with relevant examples such as biomimetic engineering design, system biology, and tissue engineering.
The science of motion is taught with initial focus on particles, and then progressing to planar rigid body systems. Concepts such as inertia, momentum, work, energy, Newton's laws, and contact dynamics are covered, with particular application to human motions (e.g., walking, running, jumping, lifting, and throwing).
BME 294Circuits, Instrumentation, and Measurements0.50 units
Basic concepts of hardware measurement systems pertaining to the measurement of biosignals: active and passive circuit elements, Kirchhoff's laws, mesh and nodal circuit analysis, principle of superposition, step responses of first and second order networks, sinusoidal steady state analysis, input-output relationships, transfer functions and frequency response of linear systems, operational amplifiers, analog signal detection, conditioning and conversion systems, transducers, difference and instrumentation amplifiers, A/D and D/A conversion. Examples will be presented in the form of physiological monitoring hardware for vital measurements such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and electromyography (EMG).
Biomedical engineering third-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
Biomedical engineering third-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
BME 341Health Care Operations and Practice - Health Systems0.25 units
Introduction to the Canadian health care system, with emphasis on factors related to biomedical engineering. Structure and function of various health care organizations, procurement practices in health care, electronic health records, and information exchange.
BME 342Health Care Operations and Practice - Observations0.25 units
Through site visits and shadowing experiences, students are immersed in various settings in the health care environment. In this course, students will examine health care and rehabilitation operations through the lens of human factors and engineering design and identify potential workflow challenges, protocol gaps, and device usability, while considering regulatory, business, and ethical constraints.
Prerequisites
Complete all of the following
Must have completed the following:
BME341 - Health Care Operations and Practice - Health Systems (0.25)
Introduction to systems theory as a general modelling method, and applied to the skeletal, neuromuscular, central nervous, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems of the human body. Time-domain simulations, sensitivity analyses, and parameter identification, with the latter driven by experimental measurements of system performance.
Classical and state space representations of control systems. Stability, controllability, observability, and sensitivity. Routh-Hurwitz and root-locus methods. Frequency domain behaviour, Bode plots, Nyquist stability criteria. Pole placement, PID, phase-lead and phase-lag controllers. Application to anatomical system models, including musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems, and to physiological feedback systems.
BME 361Biomedical Product Design and Regulation0.50 units
The course covers topics related to product design and regulatory processes as it pertains to biomedical devices. Various regulatory pathways will be covered and how these regulations influence design and development will be explored. Students will gain an understanding of the engineering processes necessary to ensure safety and efficacy during commercialization of novel biomedical products by examining regulatory processes, design controls, risks assessments, non-clinical testing, design verification and validation strategies, and postmarket requirements.
BME 362Biomedical Engineering Design Workshop 10.50 units
Engineering design project course where students work in small groups as part of a biomedical design workshop sequence. This portion of the project will be focused on needs assessment, including specification development. Project management, teamwork, reflection, ethics, and project critique will also be covered in the context of engineering design. Technical skill development workshops to support practical application of biomedical design will be included.
This course examines key economic issues in health care and biomedical industries. Topics include the market for medical care, health insurance, various models of health care delivery and competition and the role of government in policy, financing and delivery of health care. This course will train students to use economic analysis to model and understand the complex interactions between health care delivery, insurance markets, health innovators, governments, and firms.
This course explores ethical issues in biomedical engineering practice, including professional ethics, medical ethics, the ethics of human and animal subject use in biomedical research, and the impact of biomedical engineering solutions on society and the environment.
BME 384Biomedical Transport: Biofluids and Mass Transfer0.50 units
Fundamental concepts in systems involving fluid flow. Basic treatment of statics, kinematics, and dynamics of fluids. Mass transfer, conservation of mass, momentum and energy for a control volume. Dimensional analysis and similarity. Discussion of flow in pipes and channels and brief introduction to boundary layers, lift and drag, ideal and compressible flow will be specifically covered in the context of the cardiovascular system (macrocirculation and microcirculation).
BME 385Materials Science for Biomedical Engineers0.50 units
Crystalline structure, crystal defects, non-crystalline materials, structure and properties of metals, ceramics, polymers, and composites. Factors in materials design, material selection and processing in the context of biomedical devices will also be discussed.
Concepts in materials testing will be explored through a series of lab experiments. Destructive test methods will be applied to characterize materials for biomedical applications.
This course offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamental principles governing the interaction of electromagnetic and mechanical waves with matter, encompassing essential concepts in electricity, magnetism, and optics. Building on this foundational knowledge, students will delve into the theories and applications of various medical imaging technologies, including X-rays, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (sonography), and optical microscopy techniques. The course will also discuss how these basic physical principles underpin and facilitate advancements in medical imaging.
Digital technology, combinatorial logic, binary arithmetic, sequential circuits, digital design, and microcontrollers. Topics will be reinforced in the context of biomedical microcontrollers and sensors used in physiological monitoring and clinical support systems.
BME 399Directed Biomedical Research Project0.25 units
A biomedical research project carried out under the supervision of a faculty member. Students interested in graduate studies or industrial research careers will gain experience in advanced research techniques and develop valuable research skills. A written report is to be submitted to the course co-ordinator. This course is extra over and above the normal course load.
A work-term presentation. The presentation provides an opportunity for students to effectively communicate and reflect on their engineering experience gained during their co-op work terms. In the presentation, students draw connections between the theoretical aspects of engineering taught in the classroom and the practical applications of that theory in the workplace.
Prerequisites
Complete all of the following
Must have completed the following:
PD11 - Processes for Technical Report Writing (0.50)
Biomedical engineering fourth-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
Biomedical engineering fourth-year students will meet with a faculty member designated as their class professor. Performance in assignments, conceptual difficulties with courses, interrelation of coursework, later work, and engineering practice will be discussed.
BME 411Optimization and Numerical Methods0.50 units
Interpolation and curve fitting, root-finding methods, local and global optimization methods, constrained optimization, multiobjective and multidisciplinary design optimization for biomedical applications.
BME 461Biomedical Engineering Design Workshop 20.50 units
The first half of a two-term engineering design project continuing the biomedical design workshop sequence. A prototype and interim progress report are presented at the end of the first term. Lecture topics include safety and risk analysis of biomedical technologies.
BME 499Elective Biomedical Research Project0.50 units
A major undergraduate individual biomedical research project carried out as a technical elective (TE) under the supervision of a faculty member. Students are expected to demonstrate initiative and responsibility. An oral presentation of results and a written report are the minimum requirements. The faculty supervisor or department may set other requirements. Students will arrange for a faculty supervisor prior to registration.
Prerequisites
Complete all of the following
Must have completed the following:
BME399 - Directed Biomedical Research Project (0.25)
BME 522Foundations of Artificial Intelligence0.50 units
The objective of this course is to introduce students to fundamental concepts of artificial intelligence. An overview of different learning schemes will be provided, including supervised and unsupervised algorithms. The focus of this course will be on dimensionality reduction, clustering, classification, deep and shallow artificial neural networks, and reinforcement learning. Ethical aspects of artificial intelligence will be discussed.
A broad introduction to the Canadian health care system, with emphasis on factors related to biomedical engineering. History, structure, and function of various health care organizations, procurement practices in health care, electronic health records, and information exchange.
Prerequisites
Students must be in level 3A or higher
Antirequisites
Not completed nor concurrently enrolled in any of the following:
BME 540Fundamentals in Neural and Rehabilitation Engineering0.50 units
Introduction to the field of neural and rehabilitation engineering (NRE). Topics include describing common neurological and musculoskeletal injuries, related neural and rehabilitation engineering approaches to address disabilities, and the development of a design framework for synthesizing a novel neural and rehabilitation engineering approach. Critical concepts in clinical research design to meet current regulatory, ethical, and practice policies will be studied.
BME 544Biomedical Measurement and Signal Processing0.50 units
This course develops an understanding of biomedical measurements and signal processing through the examination of a variety of biosignals and applications. Issues related to the instrumentation used to collect biosignals will be discussed. Signal processing techniques will be explored and applied in the context of biomedical signals.
This course focuses on the application of engineering principles to the analysis of sports equipment and their effects on athletic performance. Principles of mechanics are used to understand the motion and forces arising in sports equipment, and their interaction with the musculoskeletal dynamics of athletes.
This course introduces students to the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, including motor control and rehabilitation engineering. Multibody models in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) will be used to study the dynamics of normal and pathological motions. Motor control will be included, as well as the identification of body segment parameters and the dynamics of muscles. Applications may include assistive devices, rehabilitation, human gait, occupational biomechanics, and other activities.
This course will introduce engineering students to the topic of computational biomechanics. Students will gain practical experience in biomechanical modelling and simulation, with a specific focus on the musculoskeletal (MSK) system and human body movement, injury, and repair.
BME 553Introductory Mechanics of Biomedical and Biological Materials0.50 units
This course covers select topics fundamental to the study of the mechanical behaviour of biological (e.g., bone, tendon, skin, cartilage, et.c) and synthetic (polymers, ceramics, metals, etc.) biomaterials with a strong emphasis on materials found in medicine (biomedical materials). Topics will include a selection of basics of continuum mechanics, structure-function-property (mechanistic) relationships, linear and non-linear elasticity, viscoelasticity, anisotropy, failure criteria, fracture, fatigue, and fundamentals of mechanical testing in the biomaterials and tissues context.
BME 561Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering0.50 units
The course provides an overview of the recent advances in medicine and nanotechnologies for development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Strategies and technologies for designing, testing, and manufacturing of biomaterials and tissue-engineering products will be introduced. The biological and clinical applications will be discussed. The unmet medical needs, challenges in manufacturing, regulatory approval and commercialization for tissue engineering applications will also be discussed.
BME 564Biocompatibility and Biomedical Design0.50 units
The course covers fundamental topics of biocompatibility of materials in medicine (polymers, ceramics, metals, composites) in the areas of implantable, extracorporeal, and untethered medical devices. Biocompatibility issues of biomaterials, such as protein adsorption, foreign body reaction, immune and inflammatory response, and thrombosis will be presented. Biomaterial characterization, structure-property relationship, and surface modification will be discussed in the context of improving biocompatibility. Clinical applications and design strategies to reduce complications associated with medical devices will be explored.
This course provides a comprehensive exploration of optical principles, techniques, and instrumentation used in pre-clinical research and clinical diagnosis settings. The fundamental principles of light-tissue interactions and biophotonics will be presented as well as optical sensing and the design of spectroscopy systems tailored for applications in biomedical research and health care.
This course deals with selected topics at the undergraduate level in biofluid mechanics, tissue mechanics, sports engineering, and rehabilitation engineering.
BME 589Special Topics in Biomedical Devices0.50 units
This course deals with selected topics at the undergraduate level in assistive devices, implants, prostheses, orthoses, biomedical technologies, therapeutics, and biocompatibility.
BME 601Physiological Systems and Biomedical Design0.50 units
This course surveys the anatomy and physiology of the human body at the cellular, organ and whole-body scale, from a systems biology/physiology perspective. Cell biology and some of the physiological systems (e.g., musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, digestive, renal, nervous and sensory, and immune) and their integration/interactions will be introduced from a quantitative systems perspective. Where applicable, common sources of impairments of each system (e.g., pathologies, aging, etc.) will be presented along with implications for diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative technologies (and universal design). Students will be required to perform engineering design that applies their knowledge in biology and physiology that they have gained throughout the course.
Antirequisites
Not completed nor concurrently enrolled in any of the following:
ECE601 - Foundations of Biology in Engineering (0.50)
BME 602Foundations in Biomechanical Engineering0.50 units
This course focuses on equipping students with foundational knowledge in the biomechanics of human physiology, pathology, and treatment. The overarching aim of this course is to develop students’ literacy in applying biomechanics principles and modern tools towards understanding the human body. The course will build on existing knowledge in mathematics and physics to develop new expertise and hands-on experience in the biomechanical modeling and analysis of physiological systems.
BME 603Engineering Analysis of Living Cells0.50 units
Cell biology has reached a stage where it is in dire need of quantitative understanding. The vast amount of data gathered with the advance of experimental technologies, in the search for a general understanding of the complex cell mechanism at the molecular level, have often made the traditional way of direct interpretation impossible. Therefore, recent years have seen significant efforts made to understand these data with more sophisticated mathematical models, using fundamental physical laws and engineering analytic techniques. This course is an introduction to some of the successful achievements of these approaches, and the exciting potential outcomes of this line of research.
The course covers fundamental topics of biocompatibility of materials in medicine (polymers, ceramics, metals, composites, nano- and bioengineered materials). Fundamental principles of materials science as well as interfacial engineering of materials will be reviewed. Materials response to biological systems such as corrosion, wear, fracture, degradation, swelling, leaching, biodistribution and accumulation will be studied in the context of specific biomedical applications. The importance of properties and their modulation (e.g. surface modification, interfacial engineering, importance of particle size and surface) and how it affects host response (cell adhesion, inflammatory response, coagulation, immunity) will be discussed. Specific examples of material interactions with biological systems such as bone, blood, brain, skin and the eye will be studied. Engineering materials to improve biocompatibility will be discussed extensively during lecture time as well literature discussion and problem-solving sessions. The course will include how to design appropriate toxicity and biocompatibility studies based on the target (nano)material and tissue. This course is taught in part using problem-based learning techniques. In class exercises/discussion/problem solving session will be used throughout the term. Students are expected to have completed the assignments and/or requested reading to participate in the discussion and problem-solving exercise. Where possible, research articles will also be selected to reflect the research topics of the students registered in the course. Students should have background knowledge in physiological systems and materials.
This course introduces the fundamental concepts for medical imaging which include medical image formation (X-ray, CT, MRI, sonography); storage and formats (DICOM, DICOM RT, PACS); visualization, detection and analysis (enhancement, segmentation, registration, compression); safety and regulations for imaging devices & software (IEEE standards, Health Canada Licensing, FDA Clearance).
Antirequisites
Not completed nor concurrently enrolled in any of the following:
BME 651Big Data Analysis: Health and Biomedical Engineering0.50 units
This course will teach students to define data types and apply appropriate statistical methods to analyze them, define statistical significance, identify issues related to sex and gender, identify limitations of analyses, and communicate analysis results through data visualizations, written communication and presentation.
This course focuses on the application of engineering principles to the analysis of sports equipment and their effects on athletic performance. Principles of mechanics are used to understand the motion and forces arising in sports equipment, and their interaction with the musculoskeletal dynamics of athletes. (Held with BME 550. Students in BME 721 will be expected to meet some additional learning objectives.)
This course introduces students to the biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system, including motor control and rehabilitation engineering. Multibody models in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) will be used to study the dynamics of normal and pathological motions. Motor control will be included, as well as the identification of body segment parameters and the dynamics of muscles. Applications may include assistive devices, rehabilitation, human gait, occupational biomechanics, and other activities. (Held with BME 551. Students in BME 722 will be expected to meet some additional learning objectives.)
BME 723Mechanics of Biomedical and Biological Materials0.50 units
This course covers select topics fundamental to the study of the mechanical behaviour of biological (e.g., bone, tendon, skin, cartilage, et.c) and synthetic (polymers, ceramics, metals, etc.) biomaterials with a strong emphasis on materials found in medicine (biomedical materials). Topics will include a selection of basics of continuum mechanics, structure-function-property (mechanistic) relationships, linear and non-linear elasticity, viscoelasticity, anisotropy, failure criteria, fracture, fatigue, and fundamentals of mechanical testing in the biomaterials and tissues context.