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Philosophy (PHIL)

89 courses in the 1976–77 Undergraduate Calendar, read from the scanned original. The text comes from OCR, so check the scanned page before relying on a detail.

Notes

Faculty listed in 1976–77

Associate Professor, Chairman of the Department J. R. Horne, B.A., M.A. (Western Ontario), B.Th. (Huron), Ph.D. (Columbia)

Associate Professor, Associate Chairman J. W. Van Evra, B.A. (Valparaiso), M.A., Ph.D. (Michigan State)

Professors

Faculty listed in 1976–77

E. Jennifer Ashworth (Miss), B.A., M.A. (Cambridge), Ph.D. (Bryn Mawr)

T. L. Batke!, B.A.Sc., M.A.Sc., Ph.D. (Toronto)

R. A. George, M.A., Ph.D. (Michigan State)

L. L. Haworth, B.A. (Rollins), M.A., Ph.D. (Illinois)

J. S. Minas, B.A. (Wayne), Ph.D. (Illinois)

J. F. Narveson, B.A. (Chicago), M.A., Ph.D. (Harvard)

B. H. Suits, B.A., M.A. (Chicago), Ph.D. (Illinois)

J. W. Tucker?, B.Sc., B.A., Ph.D. (London)

Professor Emeritus P. Seligman, B.A., Ph.D. (London), (part-time)

Associate Professors W.R. Abbott, B.A. (Kenyon), Ph.D. (Ohio State) JF. Centore, B.Sc. (Canisius), M.A. (Maryland), Ph.D. (St. John’s) JD. T. DeMarco, B.S. (Stonehill, Mass.), M.A., Ph.D. (St. John’s) B. P. Hendley, B.A. (Marquette), M.A., Ph.D. (Yale) J. Huertas-Jourda, B.A. (Florida), M.A., Ph.D. (New York), (part-time) A. C. Minas (Mrs.), B.A. (Radcliffe), M.A., Ph.D. (Harvard)

Assistant Professors JG. T. Campbell, B.A. (Western Ontario), Ph.L., Ph.D. (Laval) R. H. Holmes, B.A., M.A. (Montana), Ph.D.

(Washington)

Faculty listed in 1976–77

M. F. McDonald, B.A. (Toronto), M.A., Ph.D. (Pittsburgh)

J. Wubnig (Miss), B.A. (Swarthmore), M.A., Ph.D. (Yale)

Faculty members holding cross appointments as shown 1 Department of Chemical Engineering 2 Department of Pure Mathematics

Course Descriptions 345 Philosophy

Note 1

Courses 370* to 372*, 380* to 389*, 435* to 439*; 440* to 444*; 471* to 473*; 480* to 489*; are special courses offered in response to student demand or special interests of the faculty. The Department will publish each Spring a list of the courses offered under these numbers for the following academic year. This list willinclude descriptions of those courses whose content is not specified below and names of instructors for each course.

Note 2 Any full course of two half courses in Philosophy can be used to satisfy the group A{i) requirement.

Note 3

Courses suffixed with ‘J’ are administered by St. Jerome's College; those suffixed with a ‘P’ are administered by St. Paul's College; and those suffixed with an ‘R’ are administered by Renison College.

Note to General Philosophy Students

Five full course equivalents in Philosophy are required for the General Degree in Philosophy, including at least one of 140*, 240*, 241* or 340, 221* and one full-course equivalent from 280*(281*, 282*/283*, 390*/391*. (St. Jerome’s students: see p. 350 for further information.)

Minor A minor in Philosophy consists of any five full courses (or equivalent) in Philosophy.

Departmental Recommendation

The Department of Philosophy recommends that its Honours and Majors take at least one course in Mathematics or Science.

Undergraduate Course Descriptions

Note Concerning Introductory Courses

It is Departmental policy to have small sections of each introductory course staffed by regular faculty. In addition there are weekly seminar-sized discussion groups in each course.

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PHIL 100 Introduction to Philosophy

A broad selection of the main problems in philosophy will be considered. For example: How can we know whether anything is right or wrong? Can we know whether there is a God? Is mind in any sense distinct from matter? Original texts of both classical and contemporary thinkers are employed. .

3 hours

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PHIL 111 Philosophy of Life

“‘Who am 1?’ ‘What can I hope for after death?”’ **How can I tell what to do?’’ ‘*What can I know?” are questions that have led people to philosophize.

Approaches, such as those of the mystic, the scientist, the existentialist, the pleasure seeker, and the practical man, will be discussed.

No prerequisite, 3 hours

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PHIL 125 Fundamentals of Social and Political Philosophy

Introduction to basic value-questions about society. Theories about the meaning and basis of rights, justice, and government are examined. Both classical writers (Hobbes, Mill, Marx) and contemporary writers (Rawls) may be used. Sample issues: civil disobedience, racial and sexual discrimination, and socialism versus capitalism.

3 hours

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PHIL 135 Fundamentals of the Philosophy of Religion

A philosophical consideration of problematic aspects of religious belief. Topics to be discussed will include: attempts to prove the existence of God, the problem of evil, faith and reason, religious experience, and religious language. Classical and contemporary readings will be used.

No prerequisite. 3 hours

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PHIL 140 Introduction to Formal Logic

Elementary sentence and predicate logic. Translation from the English into the formalism, decision methods and deductions. Application of Graphic Methods to Logic. This course is a preparation for courses in the foundations of mathematics, scientific methods, and more advanced logic courses.

No prerequisite. 3 hours

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PHIL 145 Critical Thinking

An analysis of basic types of reasoning, structure, of arguments, the critical assessment of information, common fallacies, problems of clarity and meaning. No prerequisite. 3 hours

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PHIL 150 Knowledge and Reality

Discussion of the nature of reality. Rival theories concerning mind, matter, freedom, the existence of God, and the place of experience and reason in human knowledge.

3 hours

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PHIL 201 Love

A philosophical analysis of different forms and functions of love. Among the topics to be considered: love and sexuality, religious love, love and knowledge. Classical and contemporary sources will be treated.

3 hours

Course Descriptions Philosophy

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PHIL 202 Philosophy of Women

A study of some of the issues raised by the Women’s Liberation movement, such as the nature of Women and her rights and liberties in various contexts — family, childbearing, economic, political and social.

No prerequisite. 3 hours

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PHIL 210 Philosophical Literature

Certain works of literature will be studied for their relevance to philosophical problems. Those interested in this course may consult the Department regarding which works of literature are to be studied in any given year. 3 hours

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PHIL 221 Ethics 1

This course is intended to be both a history of and an introduction to moral philosophy. Views on the foundations of ethics of the great philosophers from classical antiquity to about 1900 are systematically examined. Writers studied include: Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Kant, Mill and Nietzsche.

3 hours

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PHIL 222 Contemporary Ethical Theory

Continues the history and discussion of ethics begun in Philosophy 221* with writings from 1900 to the present. Theories such as intuitionism, emotivism, utilitarianism, and relativism are examined via the writings of such people as Moore, Hare, and Warnock.

Philosophy 221* recommended. 3 hours

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PHIL 223 Moral and Social Philosophy

An investigation of what constitutes the good life and the good society. Such topics as the role of reason, the nature of the good, right and wrong, justice, individual rights, ecology, human nature and animal behaviour are considered. Classical and contemporary readings. Prerequisite: Second year standing or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 224 Mankind and Nature

An examination of some of the issues raised by recent discussions on ecology. Various theories of nature, the human being; and relations between the two will be explored. Possible foundations for duties of mankind toward nature will be examined.

3 hours

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PHIL 225 Social and Political Philosophy: Canadian Problems

This is philosophical study of various Canadian social and political problems such as foreign control, nationalism, the redistribution of wealth, native rights, and the War Measures Act. Canadian socialist, liberal. conservative, and anarchist approaches to such problems will be examined from a moral point of view.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 125* or consent of instructor. 3 hours -

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PHIL 226 Ethics and Human Engineering

An investigation of some critical ethical issues in human research and therapy. Includes discussion of the right to live and right to die, behavior control (e.g. psychosurgery, behavior modification and psychotherapy), human experimentation (including ‘‘informed consent’’ and fetal research) and human engineering.

Prerequisite: Phil. 125*, 221*, 222*, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 235 Philosophy and Mysticism

A critical examination of mystical writings, with regard to the nature of the experience reported, their typology, and their implications for epistemology, ethics, and philosophy of religion.

2 hours

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PHIL 236 Philosophy of Religion: The Occult

A critical philosophical discussion of reports of several kinds of extraordinary experiences, such as magic, extra-sensory perception, mysticism, and divination will lead us to discussions of such concepts as insanity, irrationality, the supernatural, and the miraculous.

2 hours

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PHIL 240 Logic

A systematic development of the propositional calculus and of the first-order functional calculus. Some attention will be devoted to extensions to, and interpretations of, such formal systems.

Prerequisite: None for second-year students and above; consent of instructor for others. 3 hours

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PHIL 241 Intermediate Logic .

The course begins with a brief review of the materials covered in Phil. 140*. Axiom systems of logic are developed and compared with natural deduction procedures. Then certain properties of these logical systems, such as consistency, completeness, compactness, will be investigated.

Prerequisite: Phil. 140* or familiarity with elementary sentence and predicate logic. 3 hours

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PHIL 242 Philosophical Logic

The course begins with a brief review of the materials covered in Phil. 140*. Then systems of modal logic will be developed and applied to such philosophical problems as obligation, belief and knowledge, essentialism, future contingencies, existence of God.

Prerequisite: Phil. 140* or familiarity with elementary sentence and predicate logic. 3 hoyrs

Course Descriptions 347 Philosophy

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PHIL 243 Risk, Decision, Games, Amalgamation

Fundamentals of probability and game theory. Problems of decision making under conditions of certainty, risk and uncertainty. The definition and measurement of utility functions. Translation of decisions and preferences of members of a group into collective preference. Some applications to the Social Sciences.

Prerequisite: Phil. 140*, 145* or consent of instructor.

3 hours

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PHIL 250 Knowledge and Reality (French)

As 150*, but this course will be taught in French. (Cross-numbered as French 385*)

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 258 Introduction to the Philosophy of Science

A discussion of the fundamental concepts on which science is based. Consideration is given to such topics as scientific explanation, the structure of scientific theories, the nature of law-likeness, the grounds for scientific confirmation, and the debate between rationalism and empiricism

in science.

3 hours

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PHIL 265 The Existentialist Experience

An introduction to the existentialist view of man using both literary and philosophical texts from such authors as Kierkegaard, Unamuno, Nietzsche, Ortega y Gasset, Camus, Sartre, Heidegger and others.

3 hours

270* 271* Special Topics in Philosophy

Philosophic examination of areas of current or traditional social or conceptual interest. No special preparation in Philosophy. Topics dealt with may include Philosophical Anthropology, Philosophy and linguistic theory, Minds and Machines, The Concept of Deviance.

3 hours

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PHIL 280 History of Ancient Philosophy 1

From the beginnings to Plato

Prerequisite: Second year standing or above; or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 281 History of Ancient Philosophy 2

From Aristotle to the close of classical antiquity. Prerequisite: Philosophy 280*. 3 hours

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PHIL 282 History of Modern Philosophy 1

Earker period beginning with Descartes.

Prerequisite: Second year standing or above, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 283 History of Modern Philosophy 2

Later period including Hume and Kant.

Prerequisite; Second year standing or above consent of instructor. Philosophy 282* recommended, 3 hours

284* 19th Century Philosophy

The 19th century. Philosophers covered may include Hegel, Mill, Schopenhauer, James, and Kierkegaard. 3 hours

285* 20th Century Philosophy

A course intended to introduce the student to the dominant themes of 20th century philosophy, centering on the major figures of this century, such as Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, G. E. Moore, Edmund Husserl, and Jean-Paul Sartre.

3 hours

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PHIL 300 The Philosophy of Games

An introduction to philosophical issues relating to sports and other games. Among the issues examined will be the

nature of games, games and sports, and the relevance of games and sports to other philosophical interests: e. g.

ethics and aesthetics.

3 hours

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PHIL 301 Moral Issues

The aim of this course is to improve the student’s understanding of ethical ideas and principles by careful discussion of selected concrete moral issues, such as abortion, euthanasia, capital punishment, and violence. Choice of issues largely determined by student interest. Prerequisite: At least second year standing or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 311 Philosophy of Education 1

A philosophical analysis of classical and contemporary theories of education, with a view to formulating a clear workable concept of education, its aims and methods Prerequisite: At least second year standing or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 312 Philosophy of Education 2

Critical evaluation of selected problems of education in an attempt to relate theory to practice. Recent Canadian studies will be among those considered.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 311* or consent of instructor.

3 hours

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PHIL 321 Studies in Ethics .

Various half courses dealing with special topics; one or

more of these will be offered each year as announced by the Department.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 221*/222*, 3 hours. See Note |

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PHIL 325 Political Philosophy 1

Philosophical analysis of central concepts in political theory and its relation to moral and metaphysical problems of various periods.

Prerequisite: One full or two half Philosophy courses.

3 hours

Course Descriptions Philosophy

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PHIL 326 Political Philosophy 2

A detailed discussion of contemporary theories. Prerequisite: Philosophy 325*, or consent of instructor. 3 hours.

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PHIL 327 Philosophy of Law

Besides considering some of the more prominent views of what law is (e.g., those of Aquinas, Kant, Austin, Kelsen, and Hart), we will also take up some other topics central to Jurisprudence, such as liability, right, and judicial reasoning.

Prerequisite: One full or two half Philosophy courses or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 328 The Philosophy of Karl Marx

A systematic, critical study of the Main philosophical ideas of Marx and Engels. Considerable reading from their original writings, early and late, with discussion and analysis, is the main work of the course; some recent interpretative and critical work is used.

Prerequisite: One full or two half Philosophy courses, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 329 War, Peace and Justice

An intensive study of the morals issues involved in war and armed revolution. Critical evaluation of ‘‘just war’’ theories, and international rules of warfare is pursued as well as the moral agruments for and against pacifism and conscientious objection.

Prerequisite: Phil. 125*, 221*222* or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 331 Aesthetics

Philosophical consideration of works of art and the problems of beauty using selected readings to enable the student to recognize and formulate his own views in a philosophic manner.

Prerequisite: One full or two half Philosophy courses.

3 hours

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PHIL 335 Philosophy of Religion

A critical examination of the methods and substantive arguments found in selected major works of religious philosophy. The writings chosen for consideration will be announced in advance each year.

Prerequisite: One full or two half Philosophy courses.

3 hours

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PHIL 340 Logical Theory

A rigorous and general development of the propositional and predicate calculus within which alternative calculi are examined. Study of such concepts as completeness, consistency, extensionality, and modality from both formal and philosophical points of view. Intended primarily for those interested in philosophical issues connected with logic.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 140*, or (preferably) Philosophy 240, 241* or 242*, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 350 Epistemology

Ananalysis of human knowledge, its conditions and types. The first part concentrates on criteria of meaningfulness, the possibility of a priori knowledge, and the concept of knowledge. The second part deals with the character and possibility of our knowledge of the physical world and other minds.

Prerequisite: One full or two half courses in Philosophy. 3 hours

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PHIL 350A Epistemology 1

The first part of Philosophy 350.

Prerequisite: one full or two half courses in Philosophy. ' 3 hours

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PHIL 350B Epistemology 2

The second part of Philosophy 350.

Prerequisite: One full or two half courses in Philosophy. 3 hours

Note - Either 350A* or 350B* may be taken separately

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PHIL 359 Philosophy of the Formal Sciences

A study of philosophical problems concerning mathematics. Topics discussed include formalism, intuitionism, logicism, the mathematical paradoxes, and other topics in foundations and metamathematics. Prerequisite: At least second year standing or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 362 Philosophy of Social Science

Problems about the fundamental methods and aims of the social sciences generally, and problems specific to Psychology, Sociology, Political Science, etc., and their relations to one another will be considered. (Cross-numbered as Sociology 371*)

3 hours

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PHIL 363 Philosophy of Language and Linguistic Analysis

The first part eXamines issues in the philosophy of language, such as synonymy, propositions, meaning, semantics, reference. The second part will consider ordinary language analysis as a method for solving philosophical problems as compared with structural linguistics.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor, or honours status in Philosophy. 3 hours

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PHIL 363A Philosophy of Language

The first part of Philosophy 363.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor, or honours status in Philosophy. 3 hours

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PHIL 363B Linguistic Analysis

The second part of Philosophy 363.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor, or honours status in Philosophy. 3 hours

Course Descriptions : 349 Philosophy

Note Either 363A* or 363B* may be taken separately

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PHIL 365–366 Oriental Philosophy

Studies of a selected area of non-western Philosophy (e.g. Indian or Chinese). Parallels will be drawn between modes of Eastern thinking and European conceptions with emphasis on essential differences as well as similarities. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 370–372 Special Subjects

One or more half courses will be offered at different times as announced by the Department.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours. See Note 1

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PHIL 380–389 Studies in the History of Philosophy

Various half courses dealing with a particular philosopher, a selected work or period: one or more of these will be offered each year as announced by the Department. Prerequisite: Philosophy 280*/281* and 282*{283*.

3 hours. See Note 1

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PHIL 390 Medieval Philosophy 1

The early period to the 13th century. Among those considered will be: Augustine, Boethius, Anselm, and Abailard.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 280*/281*, 3 hours

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PHIL 391 Medieval Philosophy 2

The later period from the 13th century. Among those considered will be: Bonaventure, Aquinas, Scotus, and Ockham.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 390*. 3 hours

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PHIL 398(a-b) Directed Reading in Special Areas

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

399 Tutorial for Honours Students Students wishing to enrol in 399 should consult the Department.

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PHIL 425 Philosophy of the City

Analysis and evaluation of the philosophical points of view that underlie current criticism of urban life and prevalent schemes for its reconstruction.

Prerequisite: One half Philosophy course. 3 hours

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PHIL 435–439 Studies in Philosophy of Religion

A study of a particular philosopher or problem. The topic will be announced in advance each year.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours. See Note 1

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PHIL 440–444 Studies in Logic

Various half courses dealing with specific topics; one or more of these will be offered each year as announced by the Department.

Prerequisite: Philosophy 240, 241* or 242* or Mathematics 436. 3 hours. See Note 1

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PHIL 446 Philosophy of History

Consideration of various possible views about ultimate nature of history and historical knowledge. Offered in sequence with History 466*.

Prerequisite: One full course equivalent in Philosophy, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 455 Metaphysics

Theories of reality, historical and contemporary, with emphasis on metaphysical problems in the light of recent studies.

Prereq: Two full courses (or equivalent) in Phil, 3 hours

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PHIL 465 Existential Philosophy

An in depth study of the thought of some major existentialist figures such as Kierkegaard, Unamuno, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, Camus, Marcel, Jaspers, Ortega y Gasset.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 470 Phenomenology

A critical examination of the issues and methods of phenomenology, including the attempt to understand the uses and ramifications of phenomenological methods through the working out of a particular analyses. The basic writings of phenomenologists such as Husserl and Merleau-Ponty will be used.

Prerequisite: One full or two halfcourses in Philosophy, or consent of instructor. 3 hours

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PHIL 471–473 Problems

One or more half courses will be offered at different times, as announced by the Department.

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours. See Note 1

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PHIL 480–489 Advanced Studies in the History of Philosophy

Various half courses dealing with a particular philosopher, a selected work or period; one or more of these will be offered each year as announced by the Department. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. 3 hours. See Note |

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PHIL 498(a-b) Directed Reading in Special Areas

Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

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PHIL 499 Tutorial and Honours Essay

Students wishing to enrol in 499 should consult the Department.

Course Descriptions Philosophy

The following courses are administered by St. Jerome’s College

A student may register through St. Jerome’s College in either the General Programme or Honours Programme in Philosophy.

General Programme: Phil 200J* or 140* or 240 or 241 * or 340, 218J3* or 221*, two halves of 280*-1, 282*-3*, 390*-1.

_plus 2.5 or 3 other philosophy electives.

Honours Programme: Phil 218J* or 221*, 222*, 240, 280*-1, 282*-3, 499] or 499, plus 5 other philosophy electives. College students are expected to take 450J.

Students in joint Honours Programmes, one half of which is Philosophy, may substitute the same St. Jerome’s College courses in those programmes as others may substitute in the single Honours Programme.

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PHIL 100J Introduction to Philosophy

A broad. selection of the main problems in philosophy will be considered. For example: how can we know whether anything is right or wrong? How can we know about things we cannot directly observe? Can we know whether there is a God? Is mind in any sense distinct from matter?

3 hours

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PHIL 120J Philosophy of Life and Death

A study of what some of the great philosophers have said about the meaning of life in relation to death and the transition from life to death. Students are urged to raise their own questions and thereby help direct discussion. Fall term. 3 hours

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PHIL 130J Philosophy of Discontent

A study of what some of the great philosophers have said about the causes of personal and social discontent. The need for social disobedience, and the extent to which ethical principles can be altered to accommodate changing conditions are possible topics for discussion.

Winter term. 3 hours

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PHIL 200J Intentional Logic

Are you a logical person? What does it mean when someone says ‘“‘that’s not logical,”’ or ‘‘from the logical point of view . . .?’” The course will cover the main common logical fallacies, term logic, propositional logic, and syllogistic logic. The difference between intentional logic and mathematical logic will be discussed.

Fall term, 3 hours

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PHIL 205J Elements of the Philosophy of Science

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 206J Special Problems in the Philosophy of Science

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 210J Philosophy of Man

What is man? What is man’s place among other creatures? How is the human race unified? Are there inferior races? Is man an accident of evolution? What are the major views on man as a species? How are love and sex aspects of man’s life? These are some of the questions this course will attempt to answer.

Fall term. 3 hours

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PHIL 218J Ethical Theory

A normative approach, employing several of the classic Western traditions of rational thought, to general ethics. The various schools of ethical thought will be discussed. Fall term, 3h. Also offered in the Evening

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PHIL 219J Practical Ethics

This course will discuss the applications of general ethics to the more specific areas of human endeavour. Among the topics discussed will be abortion, contraception, sex, obscenity, violence, drugs, egoism, dishonesty, various forms of human exploitation, genetic surgery, biological cloning and genetic pollution.

Winter term, 3 h. Also offered in the Evening

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PHIL 230J God and Philosophy

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 237J Ethics and Society

This course examines the nature and purpose of community living-as well as such traditionally controversial issues as private and public morality, the individual good and the common good, personal freedom and group responsibility. Topics for discussion may include: the government's role in issues of life and death; the moral function of law; civil disobedience; and scientific, technological, and medical innovations. Winter term, 3 hours

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PHIL 260J Issues in Higher Education

Why go to college? What are the present realities in education today in Canada? What is the future role of the liberal arts? The primary interest of the course will be upon what can be done in practice rather than upon ideal schemes.

Winter term, 3 hours

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PHIL 300J The Western Philosophical Tradition (to 1600)

An intensive overview of the major recurring themes in Western intellectual history from both an historical and a philosophical viewpoint.

Fall term, 3 hours. Prerequisite: Second year standing.

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PHIL 301J The Western Philosophical Tradition (1600-Present)

A continuation of 300J*. . Winter term, 3 h. Prerequisite: Second year standing.

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PHIL 321J Canadian Philosophy

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 333J Contemporary Philosophical Problems in Art

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 349J Philosophy of Human Cognition

Not offered in 1976–77.

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PHIL 396J–397J Special Topics/Directed Readings

A series of readings and/or seminars on one or two topics or thinkers, with periodic reports and discussion. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

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PHIL 399J Tutorial

Students wishing to enrol in 399J should consult the College Department.

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PHIL 450J Being and Existence

An advanced course for the serious student, delving into

the notions of reality, being, essence, existence, analogy, etc. The techniques of linguistic analysis will be employed. Also, the very possibility of any kind of metaphysics will be discussed.

Year Course. Prerequisite: Third year standing or consent of instructor.

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PHIL 496J–497J Special Topics/Directed Readings

A series of readings and/or seminars on one or two topics or thinkers, with periodic reports and discussions. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor

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PHIL 499J Tutorial and Honours Essay

Students wishing to enrol in 499J should consult the College Department.

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