Mechanical Engineering (ME)

Notes

Professors

S. A. Alpay, Dipl.dIngr., Dr.Ing. (Berlin)

J. A. Schey, Dipl.ing., C.Sc. (Budapest)

M. M. Yovanovich, B.Sc. (Queen’s), M.S. (Buf.), M.E. Sc.D. (M.1.T.)

Associate Professors

Course Descriptions 335 Mechanical Engineering

Assistant Professors

Special Lecturer R. G. R. Lawrence. Q.C.

Undergraduate Programmes

Details of the undergraduate programme in Mechanical Engineering are to be found in chapter 8. All courses extended over one term only, and consist of 3 hours of lectures per week unless otherwise specified. The hours of the core courses are listed in chapter 8. In general, the only prerequisites are the core courses, unless otherwise specified.

Undergraduate Course Descriptions

1 Advanced Calculus

Infinite series: Tests for absolute, conditional, uniform convergence; power series; series expansions; diffentiation and integration. Partial differentiation: total derivatives; estimation of errors; chain rule; geometry; maxima and minima; Taylor series; Jacobians. Multiple integration: areas, centroids, moments of inertia, centres of gravity. Vector analysis: gradient divergence, curl, Laplacian; integral theorems.

2 Statistics for Engineers

Frequency distributions; measures of central tendency; standard deviation and other measures of dispersion; moments, skewness, kurtosis. Probability. Binomial, Poisson, normal, multinomial distributions. Theory of sampling and statistical estimation. Tests of hypotheses; significance. The t-test and chi-squared test. Curvefitting by least squares. Correlation and regression. Analysis of variance. Experimental design.

3 Ordinary Differential Equations

First and simple higher order equations. Solution of linear equations. Solution of linear equations by various methods; equations transformable to linear form. Simultaneous equations. Laplace transforms. Series solutions. Fourier series.

4 Numerical Analysis

A survey of numerical procedures with emphasis upon computer implementation using the FORTRAN 4 programming language. In particular, the following topics are covered: Interpolation, curve fitting, solution of non-linear equations, numerical integration, numerical solution of Ordinary Differential Equations, matrix algebra and solution of systems of linear equations, and problems in the solution of partial differential equations.

5 Partial Differential Equations Modelling physical systems with distributed parameters. Boundary and initial conditions. Division into hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptic equations by means of discriminant. Characteristics. Separation of variables; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Orthogonality. Fourier series. Gamma functions. Bessel and Legendre equations. Numerical solution of Laplace and diffusion equations. Analogue simulation techniques.

8 Review of Engineering Mathematics

A revision course in engineering mathematics. Topics include: a review of elementary differential and integral calculus; series; partial derivatives; selected ordinary differential equations; Laplace transforms; Fourier series.

12 Dynamics

An introduction to the kinematics of particle and rigid body motion. Impulse-momentum equations. Work-energy methods and Euler’s equations. Simple gyroscopes. Vibrations.

15 Structure and Properties of Materials 1

Interatomic bonding, crystal and amorphous structures including typical polymers and ceramics, structural defects, phase diagrams, diffusion, transformations in metals, corrosion. Some aspects of electrical, magnetic and optical properties.

19 Mechanics of Deformable Solids 1

An analytical treatment of statics and resistance of materials. Equilibrium of particles, rigid bodies and dgformable bodies. Vector fields. Introduction to stress and strain. Stress-strain relationships. Elastic and inelastic behaviour of prismatic members subjected to axial, shearing, torsional and flexural deformations.

Course Descriptions Mechanical Engineering

20 Mechanics of Deformable Solids

A general treatment of the behaviour of structural components from the study of stress and strain in solids. Topics include super-position, energy theorems, theories of failure, elastic and inelastic analysis of unsymmetrical bending, torsion of circular members, columns and stability, and virtual work.

21 Kinematics and Dy ies of Machi

Principles of the geometry of motion, Uniform and non-uniform motion, linkage, gears, cams. Synthesis and analysis of mechanisms. Consideration of the dynamic forces in machines. Gyroscopic torque. Vibration anatysis, response to shock, motion and force transmissibility, vibration isolation.

22 Mechanical Design 1

Analysis and synthesis of machine elements. Factors affecting working stresses, fatigue, creep and impact considerations. Design of shafting, springs, screws, clutches, brakes and gear.

30 Structure and Properties of Materials 2

The general principles of stress-strain relationships in all types of materials, including the effects of temperature, strain rate, alloying and microstructure. Different fracture mechanisms and the factors which influence them.

32 Physical Metallurgy 2

Elasticity and plasticity of metals. Recovery, recrystallization and growth. Hardening mechanisms. Heat treatment of metals and alloys. Shear transformations. Failure in metals.

33 Experimental Materials Science

This course is designed to acquaint students with materials phenomena using an experimental approach. Microstructural changes and their effects on the mechanical properties in various materials will be studied using such techniques as optical and scanning electron microscopy together with electron probe microanalysis and X-ray analysis. The student may work ona project of his own choice provided it meets the objectives of this course.

35 Industrial Metallurgy

This course is intended for those students interested in acquiring a working knowledge of metallurgy. It will cover: Metals and alloy streams, iron-carbon alloys, heat treatment and the function of alloying elements in steel, corrosion and scale resistant alloys, copper and nickel base alloys, light metals and their alloys; casting, hot and cold working or metals; soldering, brazing and welding; corrosion and oxidation; metal failure analysis.

40 Manufacturing Processes

The principles of manufacturing unit processes including casting, forming, machining and joining. Interactions between design, materials (metals, polymers, ceramics) and processes. Advantages and limitations relative costs and production rates of competitive processes.

44 Production Engineering

Product design development and value analysis. Planning and layout for manufacture, quantitative aspects-unit, batch and flow production. The closed loop control concept of a manufacturing system. Product range and mix and line balancing. Design analysis and evaluation of facility layout.

46 Polymer Processing

Introduction of polymer processing for mechanical engineers. Elements of polymer science; plastics as a design material. Screw extrusion; elements of non-Newtonian flow and viscometry. Injection moulding. Parameters of polymer conversion operations and their estimation.

47 Analysis and Design of Manufacturing Systems 1 Organization for manufacture. Product design and development. Principles of processing for various production processes: unit, batch, and mass production. Line balancing. Economic decision models; concepts, breakeven and minimum cost analysis, allocation of resources, scheduling of resources, concepts of risk. Inventory control.

48 Analysis and Design of Manufacturing Systems 2 Analysis and design of the plant layout and materials handling systems as basic components of a manufacturing facility and system. Product range and mix and their effect on these systems. Proven systematic analysis and synthesis and evaluation techniques for efficient and effective plant design.

50 Thermodynamics

The engineering science of energy. The scope and limitations of thermodynamics. Macroscopic approach to heat, work, energy and the First Law. Properties and state of simple substances. Control-mass and control-volume energy analysis. The Second Law of Thermodynamics, principle of increase of entropy, limiting cycle efficiencies, criteria for equilibrium.

51 Fluid Mechanics 1

Physical properties of fluids and fundamental concepts in fluid mechanics. Hydrostatics. Conservation laws for mass, momentum and energy. Flow similarity and dimensional analysis as applied to engineering problems in fluid mechanics. Laminar and turbulent flow. Engineering applications such as flow measurement, flow in pipes and fluid forces on moving bodies. Introduction to compressible flow.

Course Descriptions 337 Mechanical Engineering

52 Air Conditioning

Thermodynamic properties of moist air; psychrometric charts; humidity measurements; direct water contact processes; heating and cooling of moist air by extended surface coils; solar radiation; heating and cooling of loads on buildings; effects of the thermal environment; air conditioning and calculations; air flow in and around buildings, diffusers.

Prerequisite: ME 54

53 Heat Transfer 1

Introduction to heat transfer mechanisms. The formulation and solution of steady and transient heat conduction. Radiant heat transfer including exchange laws and view factors. Introductory convective heat transfer.

54 Thermodynamics 2

Emphasis on applications of thermodynamics to flow processes, real fluids, evaluation of state functions of real fluids. Non-reacting mixtures, reacting-mixtures, equilibrium considerations. Introduction to the kinetic theory of gases.

55 Refrigeration Engineering

Methods of refrigeration, refrigerants and their thermodynamic properties, vapour compression systems; actual cycles, simple and complex; survey of refrigeration applications such as preservation of food by quick freeze and long term deep freeze techniques cooling load calculations; calculation of thermal capacities of components such as evaporators, compressors and condensors; refrigerant controls; piping and accessories; defrost methods; miscellaneous processes, cryogenics. Prerequisite: ME 54

56 Heat Transfer 2

Selected topics in heat transfer fundamentals and applications. Topics to be covered include the fundamentals of convection with analytical solutions to simple laminar flow problems and approximate solutions to turbulent flow problems based on analogies between momentum and heat transfer. Also covered is radiant exchange in grey enclosures and in black enclosures containing emitting-absorbing gases. The remaining topics will be chosen from design of heat exchangers; condensation heat transfer; boiling heat transfer, and the treatment of problems in heat conduction.

58 Internal Combusion Engines

Reciprocating SI and CI engines, gas turbines, jets, rockets: principles of operation, modern developments (for pollution control and improvements in efficiency). Prerequisite: ME 54

59 Energy Conversion

Applications of fundamental principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics. combustion and heat transfer to the design of power plants using fossil and nuclear fuel heat sources. Economics and pollution problems associated with power equipment. Other energy conversion devices such as batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, thermionic and thermoelectric devices and MHD generators.

Prerequisite: ME 54

60 Introduction to Control Systems

Open loop and feedback control. Laws governing mechanical electrical, fluid and thermal control components. Analogies. Analysis of some engineering control systems using block diagram algebra, transient and steady-state operations. Different modes of control. Review of Laplace Transform methods. Transfer function. First and second order systems. Concepts of stability. Principles of analog computer simulation. Brief treatment of linear flow graph and system graph representations.

62 Fluid Mechanics 2

Basic equations of two-dimensional flow, exact viscous solutions, introduction to lubrication, boundary layers, and introduction to turbulence. Turbomachinery fundamentals and applications. Selected advanced topics.

63 Lubrication Mechanics

A) Lubrication Principles: dry friction, boundary lubrication, hydrodynamic lubrication, rolling clements, squeesefilms, metal working lubrication, wear, failure modes.

B) Lubrication applications: sources and types of lubricants, their composition and selection; sliding bearings, rolling bearings, gears, wire rope, hydraulic fluids, metalworking..

C) Project: related to a specific topic in Parts A and B. Lab or theoretical evaluations will be involved in the design of a suitable lubrication system for a specified industrial application.

To be offered in Fall and Spring terms

69 Introduction to the Environment Sciences Composition and structure of the atmosphere and oceans. Thermodynamics of moist air. Hydrostatic equation. Stability. Winds and Current on a Rotating Earth. Gradient, geostropic and inertial flow. Vertical variation of wind, convection, thermals, plumes, basic diffusion theory-coastal currents, gulf streams, tides, internal waves..

Course Descriptions Mechanical Engineering

82 Mechanical Engineering Projects

Engineering assignments requiring the student to demonstrate initiative and assume responsibility. Student activity is guided and co-ordinated by faculty supervisor. In selecting projects, particular account is taken of the student’s field of specialization. Projects, in general. involve technical disciplines beyond the strictly mechanical engineering field.

5 hours Laboratory

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