83 courses in the 1968–69 Undergraduate Calendar, read from the scanned original. The text comes from OCR, so check the scanned page before relying on a detail.
J.W. Leach, B.Sc. Ph.D., {Queen Mary College}, F. Inst. P. Professor Chairman of the Department
R.A. Aziz, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor F.W. Boswell, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor Associate Dean of the Faculty of Science
D.E. Brodie, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster) Professor J.A. Cowan, B.Sc. (Manitoba), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor LR. Dagg, B.Sc. {Manitoba}, M.S. (Penn. State), Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor D.J. Henderson, B.A. (U.B.C.). Ph.D. (Utah}, F. Inst. P. Professor H.E. Petch, B.Sc. (McMaster), M.Sc., Ph.D. (U.B.C.) Professor Vice-President, Academic
G.E. Reesor, B.A., M.A. {McMaster}, Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor R.A. Snyder, 8.Sc., Ph.D. ( Western} Professor S.F. Wang, B.E. (Port Arthur, China), D.Sc. (Nagoya) Professor A. Anderson, M.A., D.Phil. (Oxford) Associate Professor
G.A. Bakos, B.A. (Trnava), M.A. (Bratislava), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Associate Professor S.H. Chen, B.Sc. (Taiwan), M.S. {Michigan), Ph.D. {McMaster) Associate Professor
S.G. Davison, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Manchester) Associate Professor P.C. Eastman, B.Sc., M.Sc. (McMaster) Ph.D. (U.B.C.) Associate Professor H.K. Ellenton, B.Sc. (Western), M.A. (Toronto) Associate Professor J.A.V. Fairbrother, B.Sc. (London), Ph.D. (Reading) Associate Professor J. Grindlay, B.Sc. (Glascow), Ph.D. (Oxon) Associate Professor N.R. Isenor, B.Sc. (Acadia), M.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster) Associate Professor J.D. Leslie, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), M.S., Ph.D. (Illinois) Associate Professor C.C. Lim, B.A. (DePauw), M.A. {Nebraska}, Ph.D. (Toronto) Associate Professor R.A. Moore, M.Sc. {McMaster}, Ph.D. (Alberta) Associate Professor J.L. Ord, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), M.S., Ph.D. (Illinois) Associate Professor B.H. Torrie, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), Ph.D. (McMaster) Associate Professor J.M. Corbett, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), M.Sc., Ph.D. (Waterloo) Assistant Professor
A.E. Dixon, B.Sc. (Mt. Allison}. M.Sc. (Dalhousie), Ph.D. {McMaster} Assistant Professor
M.P. FitzGerald, B.Sc., M.Sc. (Toronto) Assistant Professor D. Hemming, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Bristol) Assistant Professor J. Kruuv, B.A.Sc., M.Sc. (Waterloo), Ph.D. (Western) Assistant Professor H.M. Morrison, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Bristol) Assistant Professor A.D. Singh, B.A., B.Sc., M.Sc. (Panjah), Ph.D. (Dethi) Assistant Professor H.J.T. Smith, B.S., Ph.D. (London) Assistant Professor K.A. Woolner, B.Sc. (London) Assistant Professor M. Young, B.S., Ph.D. (Rochester) Lecturer N.McKenna, B.Sc. (Wales) Instructor D. McVicar, B.Sc. (Waterloo) Instructor L. Young, B.Sc. (Waterloo) Instructor
Department of Physics
Undergraduate Course Descriptions
Details of the undergraduate programmes offered by the Faculty of Science are to be found on page 108.
All full-year courses taken by students in the co-operative programme are divided into two terms designated A and B. Each term is considered to be a separate half course.
Vectors, rectilinear motion, plane motion, dynamics of particles, work and energy, linear momentum, rotational motion, statics, angular momentum, harmonic motion, gravitation, wave motion, sound waves.
3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
Geometrical optics, interference, diffraction and polarization. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, one term.
The fundamental particles of matter, assemblies of particles, nuclei and atoms, the wave-particle experiments, introductory quantum mechanics and atomic structure. 3 lectures, one term.
The atom and its nucleus, radioactive decay, nuclear masses and nuclear stability, nuclear spin and moments, structure of nuclei, gramma radiation processes, alpha decay, beta decay, nuclear reactions, fission, interaction and radiation with matter, counters, particle accelerators and reactors.
3 lectures, one term.
Moving frames of reference and the special theory of relativity. Relativistic particle dynamics. Rotating co-ordinate systems. Dynamics of a freely rotating rigid body. Generalized co-ordinates. Lagrange’s equations. Variational principles in mechanics. Hamiltonian formulation of mechanics. Transformation theory.
3 lectures, one term.
Review of essential classical and quantum mechanics, microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles; quantum statistical mechanics, theory of the density matrix; applications.
3 lectures, one term.
Origins of quantum theory. Waves and particles. Wave functions and wave packets. Schroedinger’s equation. One-dimensional motion in regions of varying potential. Fourier analyses, eigenvalues and expectation values. Axiomatic foundations of quantum mechanics. Operators. Angular momentum. Central force systems; the hydrogen atom.
3 lectures, one term.
Newtonian mechanics, conservation laws, heat and thermodynamics, electrostatics, D.C. circuits. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks.
Vectors, rectilinear motion, plane motion, dynamics of particles, work and energy, linear momentum, rotational motion, statics.
angular momentum, harmonic motion, gravitation, wave motion, sound waves, temperature, heat, first and second laws of thermodynamics, kinetic theory of gases. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
A survey course in descriptive astronomy intended for non-science students.
3 lectures per week for first term only.
No prerequisites.
Electromagnetism, A.C. circuits, geometrical and physical optics, introduction to atomic and nuclear physics. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.
Electrostatics, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, alternating current theory, the development of Maxwell’s equations. 2 lectures {3 hours laboratory on alternate weeks for students not taking Physics 233.)
Selected experiments in electricity and magnetism, optics, electronics, structure of solids and astronomy. 6 hours laboratory.
The scope of quantum physics, and the magnitudes involved. Energy levels. Photons, waves and particles. Quantum effects in measurements. Elementary applications of wave mechanics.
3 lectures, second term.
Reflection and refraction at plane and curved surfaces; thin and thick lenses, optical instruments. The wave nature of light; interference, diffraction, slits and gratings, resolution. Polarization, optical activity, photometry.
2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks.
Reflection and refraction at plane and curved surfaces; thin and thick lenses, optical instruments. The wave nature of light, interference, diffraction, slits and gratings, resolution. Polarization, optical activity, photometry.
3 lectures, first term. (3 hours laboratory alternate weeks for students not taking Physics 233).
A survey course in astronomy. Aspects of the sky; motions of the earth; the earth and the moon; the solar system; gravitational astronomy; the sun; the stars; stellar motions; comets; meteors; meteorites; interstellar matter; the structure of the galaxy; exterior systems; cosmogony; radio astronomy.
3 lectures.
Electrostatics, D.C. circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, A.C. circuits, electrical measurements, introductory electronics. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory and 2 hours problems on alternate weeks.
Electrostatics, D.C. circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, A.C. circuits, electrical measurements. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks, one term.
Department of Physics
Electronic structure of atoms and atomic bonding, crystal structure and space lattices, symmetry, crystal geometry, stereographic projections, theory of X-ray diffraction, X-ray methods, crystal formation, crystal defects, physical properties of crystals.
3 lectures, second term. (3 hours laboratory alternate weeks for students not taking Physics 233).
Application of the analytical methads of the physical sciences to biology. Emphasis will be placed on describing the nature, function and control of the physical systems which are found in living cells.
Prerequisites: Physics 232 and Mathematics 236 or equivalent.
3 lectures per week, first term.
Special senses, biological transducers, informa- . tion handling in the central nervous system, theories of muscle contraction; physics of homeostasis, interactions with the environment, circulation of blood, temperature re-- gulation, respiration, and transport problems.
Prerequisites: Physics 232 and Mathematics 236 or equivalent.
3 lectures per week, second term.
Foundations of Newtonian mechanics. Dynamics of a particle; harmonic oscillator; central force motion; conservative force; potential energy. Dynamics of a system of particles; conservation laws; translation and fixed-axis rotation of a rigid body. Moving frames of reference. Lagrange’s equations.
3 lectures.
An integrated survey of tube and transistor circuitry. Basic A.C. circuit theory, power supplies, amplifiers, equivalent circuits, oscillators, feedback, and a variety of special purpose circuits. Emphasis on the. point of view of the user rather than the designer.
2 lectures, (3 hours laboratory, alternate weeks, for students not taking Physics 333).
Selected experiments in mechanics, heat, sound, optics, spectroscopy, X-ray, atomic physics, electricity, magnetism, and electronics. 6 hours laboratory.
The nuclear atom. The Bohr and Schroedinger models, Nuclear structure. Nuclear decay and reactions. Nuclear processes in nature. Elementary particles. Particle acceleration and detection.
2 lectures.
Thermodynamic .systems, equations of state, the laws of thermodynamics, with applications. Change of phase. Kinetic theory of an ideal gas, distributions of moleeular velocities, transport phenomena. Maxwell- Boltzmann statistics, quantum statistics, fluctuations.
3 lectures.
Vector analysis; vector differential operators and associated integral theorems. Introduction to tensors. Curvilinear co-ordinate systems. Partial differential equations of mathematical physics; Laplace’s, wave and diffusion
equations; Legendre and Bessel functions. Fourier analysis; cigen-functions. 2 lectures.
Selected topics in astrophysics, cosmogony, and radio-astronomy. 2 lectures.
(Same as Earth Sciences 338). Selected introductory topics on the physics of the Earth. Seismology and the Earth’s interior. Thermal history of the Earth. Grayity and isostasy. Origin of continents and oceans. Terrestrial magnetism. Meteorology. Oceanography.
2 lectures.
Fundamentals of modern physics; special theory of relativity, quantization of electromagnetic radiation; wave properties of particles, the hydrogen atom, atomic and X-ray spectra, nuclear structure, nuclear reactions, molecular and solid state physics.
3 lectures.
A one-term course designed for students in the co-operative programme. The topics listed under Physics 332 will be discussed in slightly less detail. 3 lectures and 3 laboratory hours per week for one term.
Shapes, sizes and internal structure of macromolecules as revealed by physical methods; functions of large molecules in protoplasm, viscosity, transport, energetics, information coding on DNA and RNA molecules.
Prerequisites: Physics 232 and Mathematics 236 or equivalent.
3 lectures per week, one term.
The effect of radiation of various kinds of cells and tissues; éxposure calculations, mechanism of damage, repair theories, genetic effects, target theory; isotopic tracers in biophysical research.
Prerequisites: Physics 232 and Mathematics 236 or equivalent.
3 lectures per week, one term.
Review of Lagrangian formulation of mechanics. Rotation of a rigid body; the inertia tensor; Hamilton’s principle; Hamilton’s equations. Classical theory of small vibrations. Dynamics of deformable matter; elasticity; hydrodynamics.
2 lectures.
Review of vacuum tube electronics. Statistics of electrons in semiconductors, transport properties, minority carrier injection, theory of p-n junctions, transistors, tunnel diodes, field effect devices. Applications.
3 lectures, second term.
Selected experiments in atomic and nuclear physics, solid state physics, thermodynamics. Electrical and electronic measurements, vacuum techniques.
6 hours laboratory, first term.
Department of Physics
Applications of wave mechanics; the harmonic oscillator, the hydrogen atom. Angular momentum. Scattering. Perturbation theory, transitions, The multi-electron atom.
2 lectures.
Crystal structure and space lattices, symmetry, crystal geometry. Defects. Physical properties of crystals. Free electron theory of metals, band theory, properties of semiconductors and insulators.
3 lectures, first term.
Theory of functions of a complex variable; conformal mapping and applications. Boundary value problems on linear partial differential equations; separation of variables; Green’s functions. Linear integral equations. Integral transforms (Laplace, Fourier).
3 lectures.
Selected subjects for advanced study by theoretically inclined students; topics in relativistic, quantum, and statistical physics. 3 hours per week, second term.
A more advanced discussion of seismology and the internal constitution of the Earth, mechanical properties of the Earth’s interior, figure of the Earth and its gravitational field, temperature and thermal history of the Earth, internal magnetic field of the Earth and its electrical properties at depth, the rotation of the Earth and its geophysical effects.
2 lectures.
A generalized treatment of the basic laws of electricity and magnetism; mathematical techniques for the problems of electrostatics, solutions of Maxwell's equation in free space and the study of plane waves; theory of waveguides and introduction to radiation.
2 lectures.
A survey with emphasis on the physical properties and behaviour of metals and alloys. Elastic and plastic deformations of crystals. Solidification, structure of alloys, free energy of alloy systems, equilibrium diagrams, diffusion, solid state phase transformations.
3 lectures, first term.
Stress tensor, kinematics of strain, Navier-Stokes equations, hydrostatics, streamline flow, vorticity, waves, viscous flow. 3 lectures, second term.
Elements of nuclear structure and systematics. Alpha emission, Beta decay, Gamma emission, two-body systems and nuclear forces, nuclear reactions. Neutron physics. Sub-nuclear particles.
3 lectures, second term.
Coherence, interference and optical resonators; quantum optics, amplification and lasers. 3 lectures per week, second term only.
- 2 lectures.
A short research problem. 6 hours laboratory, second term.
Graduate Studies and Research Programmes
See page 140 for general information. There are at present several major areas of study in the Department in which gradu-. ate students may specialize. These include.
Astrophysics: Stellar evolution in galactic’clusters, radial velocities and spectral analysis, galactic structure.
Biophysics: Radiation biophysics of synchronized cell cultures. Thermodynamics of intra-cellular movement.
Geophysics: Physical limnology of the Great Lakes. Laser Research: Solid state injection lasers, laser-produced plasmas.
Low Temperature Physics: Experimental studies of condensed inert gases, liquid helium, superconductivity, energy gap and Fermi surface determinations.
Microwave Research: Dielectric constant measurements. Field induced absorptions, microwave spectrometry.
Magnetic Resonance and Neutron Diffraction: Physical properties of solids, particularly ferroelectrics, are studied by these methods.
Spectroscopy: Raman and Brillouin scattering, far infra-red absorption. Physics of Lattice Defects: Layer structures, properties of vacancies and impurities.
Thin Film Physics: Epitaxial, anodic oxide, and semi-conducting films, active thin film devices.
Theoretical Physics: Theory of liquids, the elastic dielectric, electronic states in crys-
tals and molecules, colour centers, phonon dispersion curves, polymers, superconductivity, liquid helium.
Graduate Course Descriptions
All graduate courses are three lectures per week for one term. Those indicated (t) are available every year, others are given when required.
Department of Physics
1620. Quantum Mechanics I. Principles of wave mechanics. Schroedinger’s equation. One dimensional and spherically symmetric problems. Matrix mechanics. Angular momentum. Time independent and time dependent approximation methods. First term.
+621. Quantum Mechanics II. Semi-classical treatment of radiation. Identical particles and spin. Atoms and molecules. Scattering. Dirac equation. Quantization of the electromagnetic field. Low order radiation processes. Prerequisite, Physics 620. Second term.
Introduction to group theory; groups, representations of groups, character tables. Group theory and quantum mechanics, the permutation and rotation groups. Applications of the theory to atomic spectra, the theory of angular momentum. Molecular symmetry and solid state physics.
Dirac theory; the single particle description of relativistic quantum mechanics; bound state and scattering problems, the need for a many-particle (field) approach. Classical relativistic field theory. The radiation field, the electron field. Interaction of these fields. The S-matrix; Compton scattering, Coulomb scattering. The magnetic moment of the electron, the Lamb shift. Renormalization.
The fine and hyperfine structure of one-electron and many-electron atoms, the Zeeman and Stark effects.
Vibrational and rotational spectra of simple molecules; symmetry considerations and selection rules; spectra of condensed phases; brief survey of instruments and techniques of microwave, infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
Fundamental properties of nuclei; internucleon forces, size, moments, shapes, binding energies. Nuclear models. Electromagnetic properties of nuclei. Particle radioactivity. Nuclear reactions.
Review of elementary mechanics, Lagrangian formulation, variational principles, Hamiltonian formulations; rigid body kinematics and dynamics, special relativity, transformation theory, Hamilton-Jacobi theory.
+635. Electromagnetic Theory I. The electrostatic and the magnetic field; energy, force and momentum relations in the electromagnetic field; Maxwell's equations, solutions of the wave equation; radiation. First term.
+636. Electromagnetic Theory II. Relativistic electrodynamics, electron theory, Hamiltonian formulation of the electromagnetic field, selected topics. Prerequisite Physics
Electrons in electrostatic fields, the electrostatic lens, the magnetic lens, aberrations, the electron microscope, theory of image contrast, Fresnel diffraction and image contour phenomena, electron diffraction and dark-field microscopy, experimental methods in electron microscopy.
General theory of the diffraction of waves by crystals, experimental technique of electron diffraction, kinematic theory and interpretation of electron diffraction patterns, refraction of electron waves, atomic scattering, dynamical theory, electron interference effects in electron microscope images.
+645. Statistical Mechanics, Review of essential classical and quantum mechanics; microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles; quantum statistical mechanics, theory of the density matrix; fluctuations, noise, irreversible thermodynamics; transport theory; application to gases, liquids, solids.
Applications of the principles of statistical mechanics to classical and quantum many-body systems.
Production and measurement of very low temperatures. Low temperature materials and techniques. Thermal, magnetic and electrical properties of matter at very low temperatures, Superconductivity. Liquid helium.
+650. Solid State Physics. An introductory undergraduate course in classical solid state physics, or equivalent, is assumed. The free electron model in metals, band theory of solids, application of Brillouin zone theory, semiconductors, optical properties of solids and devices of current interest are some of the topics which are covered.
Perfect and imperfect crystals, general properties and origins of point defects and dislocations, stacking faults, interactions of imperfections, influence of lattice imperfections on physical properties and their role in deformation of crystals and phase transformations, experimental detection and observation of imperfections.
Electron processes in crystals, photoconductive processes. Electrode effects, imperfection and energy band transitions, scattering, traps and trapping effects. Recombination kinetics, luminescence. Experimental methods and analysis.
Theory of crystal lattices: quantum mechanical basis, interatomic potentials, stability, dynamics of cubic closepacked lattices, thermodynamics of ideal crystals, anharmonicity. Experimental properties.
654, Advanced Quantum Theory of Solids. Application of quantum field theory to phonons and electrons, many-body techniques, electron-phonon interactions, and selected topics..
Reflection and refraction of electromagnetic waves at dielectric and conducting interfaces. Dispersion, absorption processes, photo effects, magneto-optical effects, emission of radiation.
Introduction to the theory of magnetic phenomena in metals and non-metals. Relevant experimental work will also be discussed.
The phenomenological theory of the elastic, dielectric and thermal properties of crystals. Classical field theory—linear and non-linear; field equa-
Department of Physics
tions and boundary conditions; equations of state; material symmetry. Thermodynamics; thermodynamic identities; phase transitions. Applications to the ferroelectric crystals.
Review of essential quantum field theory; zero and finite temperature Green’s functions. Applications to fermi liquids, electron-phonon problem, superconductivity and magnetic impurities.
Macroscopic properties and phenomenological theories. Electron-phonon interaction, Cooper pairs and BCS theory. Applications of BCS theory especially to electron tunnelling.
Theory of optical coherence; quantum electronic processes and devices.
Magnetic resonance theory; magnetic nuclear dipolar broadening of rigid lattices; nuclear spin-lattice relaxation and motional narrowing of resonance lines; magnetic interaction of nuclei with electrons; electron paramagnetic resonance; double resonance; nuclear quadrupole resonance.
The physics of cellular structure and function, membrane theories, diffusion and active transport, bioelectric phenomena; intracellular motion, thermodynamics; selected topics of current interest and seminar.
Specialized cells and organs; the nerve impulse and its propagation, muscle contraction, sensory transducers, the central nervous system; haemodynamics, the red blood corpuscle, homeostasis; selected topics of current interest and seminar.
Physical methods of determining macromolecular structure; energetics, intramolecular and intermolecular forces, information storage, DNA and RNA, recognition and rejection of foreign molecules.
Tensor analysis: covariant and contravariant tensors, covariant differentation. Riemmanian space, geodesics. Ricci tensor, Christoffel symbols. General relativity: gravitation and special relativity, equivalence principle, field equations of general relativity, Schwarzchild metric, observational evidence for the general theory. Cosmology: Newtonian, Einstein and de Sitter universes, the expanding universe, cosmological principle and steady-state universe, observational clues.
Introduction to statistical theory and distribution laws. Statistical description of the galactic system. Stellar motions in the vicinity of the sun. Space distribution of stars. Galactic rotation.
The two body problem.
Stellar atmospheres and interiors.
Description and classification of stellar spectra.