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Physics (PHYS)

72 courses in the 1966–67 Undergraduate Calendar, read from the scanned original. The text comes from OCR, so check the scanned page before relying on a detail.

Notes

Faculty listed in 1966–67

J. A. Cowan, B.Sc. (Manitoba), M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor and Chairman of the Department (on sabbatical leave, 1965-66)

G. E. Reesor, B.A., M.A. (McMaster), Ph.D. (Toronto) Professor and Acting Chairman of the Department, 1965-66 F. W. Boswell, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) - - - Professor R. A. Aziz, B.A., M.A., Ph.D. (Toronto) Associate Professor (on sabbatical leave, 1965-66) G. A. Bakos, B.A. (Trnava), M.A. (Bratislava), M.A., Ph.D.

(Toronto) - - - - - - Associate Professor D. E. Brodie, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster) - Associate Professor I. R. Dagg, B.Sc. (Manitoba), M.S. (Penn. State), Ph.D.

(Toronto) - - - - - - Associate Professor

Faculty listed in 1966–67

P. C. Eastman, B.Sc., M.Sc. (McMaster), Ph.D. (U. B.C.) Associate Professor

H. K. Ellenton, B.Sc. (Western), M.A. (Toronto) - Associate Professor J. Grindlay, B.Sc. (Glasgow), D.Phil. (Oxon) - Associate Professor D. J. Henderson, B.A. (U.B.C.), Ph.D. (Utah), F. Inst. P. - Associate Professor N. R. Isenor, B.Sc. (Acadia), M.Sc., Ph.D. (McMaster) - Associate Professor

C. C. Lim, B.A. (DePauw), M.A. (Nebraska), Ph.D. (Toronto) Associate Professor

J. L. Ord, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), M.S., Ph.D. (Illinois) - Associate Professor M. G. Rochester, B.A., M.A. (Toronto), Ph.D. (Utah) - Associate Professor S. F. Wang, B.E. (Port Arthur, China), D.Sc. (Nagoya) - Associate Professor

S. H. Chen, B.Sc. (Taiwan). M.S. (Michigan), Ph.D. (McMaster) Assistant Professor

S. G. Davison, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Manchester ) - Assistant Professor D. Hemming, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Bristol) - - - Assistant Professor J. D. Leslie, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), M.S., Ph.D. (Illinois) - Assistant Professor H. M. Morrison, B.Sc., Ph.D. (Edinburgh) - - Assistant Professor H. J. T. Smith, B.Sc., Ph.D. (London) - - Assistant Professor B. H. Torrie, B.A.Sc. (Toronto), Ph.D. (McMaster) - Assistant Professor K. A. Woolner. B.Sc. (London) - - - Assistant Professor

Undergraduate Course Descriptions

Details of the undergraduate programmes offered by the Faculty of Science are to be found on page 88.

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PHYS 11 Mechanics, Wave Motion and Heat

Vectors, rectilinear motion, plane motion, dynamics of particles, work and energy, linear momentum, rotational

Department of Physics

motion, statics, angular momentum, harmonic motion, gravitation, wave motion, sound waves, heat and elementary thermodynamics. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.

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PHYS 14 Optics

Geometrical optics, interference, diffraction and polarization. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, one term.

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PHYS 15 Modern Physics

The fundamental particles of matter, assemblies of particles, nuclei and atoms, the wave-particle experiments, introductory quantum mechanics and atomic structure.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 43 Nuclear Physics

The atom and its nucleus, radioactive decay, nuclear masses and nuclear stability, nuclear spin and moments, structure of nuclei, gramma radiation processes, alpha decay, beta decay, nuclear reactions, fission, interaction and radiation with matter, counters, particle accelerators and reactors.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 44 Classical Mechanics

Moving frames of reference and the special theory of relativity. Relativistic particle dynamics. Rotating co-ordinate systems. Dynamics of a freely rotating rigid body. Generalized co-ordinates. Lagrange’s equations. Variational principles in mechanics. Hamiltonian formulation of mechanics. Transformation theory.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 45 Introductory Statistical Mechanics

Review of essential classical and quantum mechanics, microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles; quantum statistical mechanics, theory of the density matrix; applications.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 46 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

Origins of quantum theory. Waves and particles. Wave functions and wave packets. Schroedinger’s equation. Onedimensional motion in regions of varying potential. Fourier analyses, eigenvalues and expectation values. Axiomatic foundations of quantum mechanics. Operators, Angular momentum. Central force systems; the hydrogen atom. 3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 100 General Physics I

Newtonian mechanics, conservation laws, heat and thermodynamics, electrostatics, D.C. circuits. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks.

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PHYS 131 Mechanics, Wave Motion and Heat

Vectors, rectilinear motion, plane motion, dynamics of particles, work and energy, linear momentum, rotational motion, statics, angular momentum, harmonic motion, gravitation, wave motion, sound waves, temperature, heat, first and second laws of thermodynamics, kinetic theory of gases.

3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.

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PHYS 200 General Physics If

Electromagnetism, A.C. circuits, geometrical and physical optics, introduction to atomic and nuclear physics. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.

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PHYS 232 Electricity and Magnetism

Electrostatics, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, alternating current theory, the development of Maxwell’s equations. 2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory and one hour problems on alternate weeks.

Note: Students in Honours Physics take 3 hours laboratory or problems weekly.

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PHYS 233 Laboratory

Selected experiments in electricity and magnetism, optics, electronics and structure of solids. 6 hours per week.

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PHYS 235 Optics

An elementary course in geometrical and physical optics. Refraction ,and reflection at plane and curved surfaces; thin and thick lenses; optical instruments. The wave nature of light; interference; diffraction; slits and gratings, resolution. Polarization; optical activity; photometry.

2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory.

Note: Students enrolled in the Chemistry and the Chemistry and Physics courses take laboratory work in alternate weeks.

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PHYS 236 Physical Optics

The wave nature of light; interference, diffraction, slits and gratings, resolution. Polarization, optical activity, photometry. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks, one term.

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PHYS 237 Astronomy I

A survey course in astronomy. Aspects of the sky; motions of the earth; the earth and the moon; the solar system; gravitational astronomy; the sun; the stars; stellar motions; comets; meteors; meteorites; interstellar matter; the structure of the galaxy; exterior systems; cosmogony; radio astronomy.

3 lectures.

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PHYS 242 Electricity and Magnetism

Electrostatics, D.C. circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, A.C. circuits, electrical measurements, introductory electronics.

2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory and 2 hours problems on alternate weeks.

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PHYS 243 Electricity and Magnetism

Electrostatics, D.C. circuits, magnetic fields, electromagnetic induction, A.C. circuits, electrical measurements. 3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks, one term.

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PHYS 245 Structure of Solids

Electronic structure of atoms and atomic bonding, crystal structure and space lattices, symmetry, crystal geometry, stereographic projections, theory of X-ray diffraction, X-ray methods, crystal formation, crystal defects, physical properties of crystals.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 331 Classical Mechanics I

Foundations of Newtonian mechanics. Dynamics of a particle; harmonic oscillator; central force motion; conservative force; potential energy. Dynamics of a system of particles; conservation laws; translation and fixed-axis rotation of a rigid body. Moving frames of reference. Lagrange’s equations.

3 lectures.

Department of Physics

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PHYS 332 Electronics

A survey of electronic circuits. Basic A.C. circuit theory; rectifiers and filter circuits; triode, pentode and transistor amplifiers; equivalent circuits; feedback and oscillators; regulations; electronic measuring devices; pulse circuits.

2 lectures, 3 hours laboratory alternate weeks for students not taking Physics 333.

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PHYS 333 Intermediate Laboratory

Selected experiments in mechanics, heat, sound, optics, spectroscopy, X-ray, atomic physics, electricity, magnetism, and electronics.

6 hours laboratory.

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PHYS 334 Atomic and Nuclear Physics I

Special theory of relativity, growth of atomic concepts, quantum theory of thermal radiation, particle aspects of electromagnetic radiations. Rutherford atom, Bohr atom, wave aspects of particles, wave mechanics, solution of Schroedinger’s equation, one-electron atoms.

3 lectures.

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PHYS 335 Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory of Gases, Statistical Mechanics

Fundamental principles of thermodynamics, kinetic theory, and statistical mechanics. Thermodynamic systems, equations of state, work, first and second laws of thermodynamics, change of phase, entropy, kinetic theory of an ideal gas, distribution of molecular velocities, transport phenomena, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, quantum statistics, fluctuations.

3 lectures.

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PHYS 336 Physical Mathematics I

Vector analysis; vector differential operators and associated integral theorems. Introduction to tensors. Curvilinear co-ordinate systems. Partial differential equations of mathematical physics; Laplace’s, wave and diffusion equations; Legendre and Bessel functions. Fourier analysis; eigenfunctions.

2 lectures.

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PHYS 337 Astronomy II

Selected topics in astrophysics, cosmogony, and radioastronomy. 2 lectures.

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PHYS 338 Geophysics I

An introductory course on the physics of the Earth. Origin, heat and temperature of the Earth, study of earthquakes and the Earth’s interior through earthquake waves; gravity and isostasy; terrestrial magnetism; effects of heat, temperature and strain on rocks; origins of continents, mountain ranges, the ocean floors, meteorology; geophysical techniques.

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PHYS 339 Atomic and Nuclear Physics

Fundamentals of modern physics; special theory of relativity, quantization of electromagnetic radiation, wave properties of particles, the hydrogen atom, atomic and X-ray spectra, nuclear structure, nuclear reactions, molecular and solid state physics.

. 3 lectures..

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PHYS 340 Quantum Physics I

The origins of quantum theory. Planck’s radiation law, photo-electric and Compton effects, the nuclear atom and Bohr model.

wave-particle experiments. Schroedinger equation. Solutions for potential barriers and wells. 3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 341A Electronics I

An integrated survey of tube and transistor circuits. Basic A.C. circuit theory, passive components, simple power supplies, amplifiers using equivalent circuit analysis techniques, oscillators.

3 lectures, 3 hours laboratory, one term.

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PHYS 341B Electronics II

A continuation of Electronics I covering feedback, regulated power supplies, pulse circuitry, servosystems, electrical analogies and a variety of special purpose circuits.

2 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 344 Nuclear Physics

Sizes and masses of nuclei and their determination. Models of nuclear structure. Nuclear decay and reactions. Detectors and accelerators. Elementary particles.

2 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 431 Classical Mechanics II

Review of Lagrangian formulation of mechanics. Rotation of a rigid body; the inertia tensor; Hamilton’s principle; Hamilton’s equations. Classical theory of small vibrations. Dynamics of deformable matter; elasticity; hydrodynamics.

2 lectures.

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PHYS 432 Physics of Solid State Devices

Review of vacuum tube electronics, statistics of electrons in semiconductors, transport properties, minority carrier injection, theory of pn junctions, transistors, tunnel diodes, field effect devices: applications.

3 hours per week, second term.

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PHYS 433 Advanced Laboratory

Selected experiments in atomic and nuclear physics, solid state physics, thermodynamics; electrical and electronic measurements; vacuum techniques. In addition. a short research problem will be assigned.

3. 6 or 9 hours laboratory.

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PHYS 434 Atomic and Nuclear Physics II

Multi-electron atoms: identical particles and the Pauli principle, the helium atom, Hartree theory of multi-electron atoms, the periodic table, the vector model. Nuclear physics: particle acceleration and detection, nuclear structure, the decay of unstable nuclei, nuclear reactions, elementary particles.

2 lectures.

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PHYS 435 Solid State Physics

Atomic bonding; crystal structure and space lattices; symmetry; crystal geometry; defects; physical properties of crystals; free electron theory of metals: band theory: properties of semiconductors and insulators.

3 hours per week. first term.

Department of Physics

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PHYS 436 Physical Mathematics II

Theory of functions of a complex variable; conformal mapping and applications. Boundary value problems on linear partial differential equations; separation of variables; Green’s functions. Linear integral equations. Integral transforms (Laplace, Fourier).

3 lectures.

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PHYS 437 Topics in Theoretical Physics

Selected subjects for advanced study by theoretically inclined students; topics in relativistic, quantum, and statistical physics.

3 hours per week, second term.

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PHYS 438 Geophysics II

A more advanced discussion of seismology and the internal constitution of the Earth, mechanical properties of the Earth's interior, figure of the Earth and its gravitational field, temperature and thermal history of the Earth, internal magnetic field of the Earth and its electrical properties at depth, the rotation of the Earth and its geophysical effects.

2 lectures.

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PHYS 440 Quantum Physics II

Application of Schroedinger’s equation. Harmonic oscillator, rigid rotator and angular momentum, perturbation theory and transitions. The one-electron atom. Space quantization and magnetic moments.

3 iectures, one term.

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PHYS 441 Electromagnetic Theory

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PHYS 442 Metal Physics

The course will provide explanations of the physical properties and behaviour of metals and alloys from the viewpoint of atomic physics. Topics included are: solidification of pure metals, perfect and imper-

fect crystals, alloys, phase diagrams, diffusion, solid state phase transformations, the iron-carbon system, physical properties of metal crystals, elastic and plastic

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2 lectures.

Graduate and Kesearch Programmes See page 105 for general information.

Low temperature physics: experimental studies of condensed inert gases, liquid helium, superconductivity, energy gap and Fermi surface determinations.

Physics of lattice defects: layer structures, properties of vacancies and impurities.

Thin film physics: epitaxial, anodic oxide, and semi-conducting films - active thin film devices.

Laser Research: ruby laser research, solid state injection lasers.

Microwave research: dielectric constant measurements, field induced adsorptions, microwave spectrometry.

Theoretical Physics: geophysics. theory of liquids, theoretical solid state physics

Graduate Course Descriptions

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PHYS 620 Quantum Mechanics I

Principles of wave mechanics. Schroedinger’s equation. One dimensional and spherically symmetric problems. Matrix mechanics. Angular momentum. Time independent and time dependent approximation methods.

Three lectures, first term.

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PHYS 621 Quantum Mechanics II

Semi-classical treatment of radiation. Identical particles and spin. Atoms and molecules. Scattering. Dirac equation. Quantization of the electromagentic field. Low order radiation processes. . Three lectures, second term.

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PHYS 622 Group Theory and Quantum Mechanics

Introduction to group theory; groups, representations of groups, character tables. Group theory and quantum mechanics, the permutation and rotation groups. Applications of the theory to atomic spectra, the theory of angular momentum, molecular symmetry and solid state physics.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 623 Advanced Quantum Mechanics

Dirac theory; the single particle description of relativistic quantum mechanics; bound state and scattering problems— the need for a many-particle (field) approach. Classical relativistic field theory, Feynman-Schwinger quantization of this theory. The radiation field, the electron field. Interaction of these fields. The S-matrix; Compton scattering, Coulomb scattering. The magnetic moment of the electron, the Lamb shift. Renormalization.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 627 Atomic Spectra

The fine and hyperfine structure of one-electron and many-electron atoms, the Zeeman and Stark effects. 3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 628 Molecular Spectra

The electronic, vibrational, and rotational spectra of diatomic and polyatomic molecules and the Raman effect. 3 lectures, one term.

Department of Physics

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PHYS 630 Nuclear Physics

Fundamental properties of nuclei; internucleon forces, size, moments, shapes, binding energies. Nuclear models. Electromagnetic properties of nuclei. Particle radioactivity. Nuclear reactions.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 634 Advanced Classical Mechanics

Review of elementary mechanics, Lagrangian formulation, variational principles, Hamiltonian formulations; rigid body kinematics and dynamics, special relativity, transformation theory, Hamilton-Jacobi theory.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 635 Electromagnetic Theory I

The electrostatic and the magnetic field; energy, force and momentum relations in the electromagnetic field; Maxwell’s equations, solutions of the wave equation; radiation.

3 lectures, first term.

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PHYS 636 Electromagnetic Theory II

The special theory of relativity; the electromagnetic tensor; the field of moving charges; magnetohydrodynamics; selected topics.

3 lectures, second term.

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PHYS 640 Electron Optics and Electron Microscopy

Electrons in electrostatic fields, the electrostatic lens, the magnetic lens, aberrations, the electron microscope, theory of image contrast, Fresnel diffraction and image contour phenomena, electron diffraction and dark-field microscopy, experimental methods in electron microscopy.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 641 Electron Diffraction

General theory of the diffraction of waves by crystals, experimental technique of electron diffraction, kinematic theory and interpretation of electron diffraction, patterns, refraction of electron waves, atomic scattering, dynamical theory, electron interference effects in electron microscope images.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 645 Statistical Mechanics

Review of essential classical and quantum mechanics; microcanonical, canonical and grand canonical ensembles; quantum statistical mechanics, theory of the density matrix; fluctuations, noise, irreversible thermodynamics; transport theory; application to gases, liquids, solids.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 647 Low Temperature Physics

Production and measurement of very low temperatures. Low temperature materials and techniques. Thermal, magnetic and electrical properties of matter at very low temperatures. Superconductivity. Liquid Hellium.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 650 Solid State Physics

An introductory undergraduate course in classical solid state physics, or equivalent, is assumed. The free electron model in metals, band theory of solids, application of Brillouin zone theory, semiconductors, optical properties of solids and devices of current interest are some of the topics which are covered.

Three lectures, second term.

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PHYS 651 Imperfections in Crystals

Perfect and imperfect crystals, general properties and origins of point defects and dislocations, stacking faults, interactions of imperfections, influence of lattice imperfections on physical properties and their role in deformation of crystals and phase transformations, experimental detection and observation of imperfections.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 652 Photoconductivity and Luminescence

Electron processes in crystals, photoconductive processes. Electrode effects, imperfection and energy band transitions, scattering, traps and trapping effects. Recombination kinetics, luminescence. Experimental methods and analysis.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 653 Inert Gas Solids

Theory of crystal lattices: quantum mechanical basis, interatomic potentials, stability, dynamics of cubic close-packed lattices, thermodynamics of ideal crystals. anharmonicity. Experimental properties.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 654 Advanced Quantum Theory of Solids

Theoretical and experimental techniques for determination of the band structure of metals and semiconductors; electrical and thermal conduction processes and electron-lattice interactions.

3 lectures, one term.

Department of Physics

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PHYS 655 Optical Properties of Semiconductors

Refiection and refraction of electromagnetic waves at dielectric and conducting interfaces. Dispersion, absorption processes, photo effects, magneto-optical effects, emission of radiation.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 656 Magnetism

Introduction to the theory of magnetic phenomena in metals and non-metals. Relevant experimental work will also be discussed. 3 hours per week, one term.

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PHYS 660 Selected Topics in Physics

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 667 Molecular Biology

Selected topics of interest to biologists, biochemists and biophysicists will be presented at the advanced level with the aim of evaluating recent work and development in each area. Each will be developed from basic concepts and interrelationships emphasized. Topics will include: the structure of proteins and their properties in solution, transport through biological membranes, cell morphology and physiology, structure and function of selected organells, biosynthesis of macromolecules, and the chemistry of enzyme action. This graduate course is to be presented by members of the Biology, Chemistry, and Physics Departments and is intended to cover those areas common to these disciplines (identical to Biology 667 and Chemistry 667).

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PHYS 670 Physics of the Earth’s Interior

Selected topics in theoretical geophysics; seismology, rheology of the Earth, geomagnetism, the Earth’s rotation. 3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 675 General Relativity and Cosmology

Tensor analysis: covariant and contravariant tensors, covariant differentation. Riemmanian space, geodesics. Ricci tensor, Christoffel symbols. General relativity: gravitation and special relativity, equivalence principle, field equations of general relativity, Schwarzchild- metric, observational evidence for the general theory. Cosmology: Newtonian, Einstein and de Sitter universes, the expanding universe, cosmological principle and steady-state universe, observational clues.

3 lectures, one term.

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PHYS 680 Galactic Structure

Introduction to statistical theory and distribuion laws. Statistical description of the galactic system. Stellar motions in the vicinity of the sun. Space distribution of stars. Galactic rotation.

3 lectures and discussion, one term.

Department of Political Science

T. H. Qualter, B.A. (New Zealand), Ph.D. (London) Associate Professor and Chairman of Department

A. D. Nelson, A.B., A.M., Ph.D. (Chicago) - Associate Professor

S. Andracki, LL.M. (Poznan), M.Sc. (London), Ph.D. (McGill) Assistant Professor J

L. G. E. Edmondson, B.Soc.Sc. (Birmingham), M.A. (Queen’s) ; Assistant Professor

D. R. Gordon, B.A. (Queen’s), M.A. (Toronto) - Assistant Professor W. D. K. Kernaghan, B.A. (McMaster), M.A. (Duke) - Assistant Professor J. M. Wilson, B.A., M.A. (Toronto) - - Assistant Professor

Notes: (1) Students electing an Honours Programme or a Major in Political Science, or an Honours Programme in such related subjects as History, Economics, Sociology or Psychology are encouraged to register in Political Science 110 in their first year. Other students are encouraged to register in Political Science 100. Either of these courses will serve as a prerequisite for senior courses in Political Science.

(2) Courses designated “Full course, ‘half year” are comparable to a normal year course in their content. They are, however, offered, on a more concentrated basis during one term only. In drawing up a programme a student would regard such a course as two courses during the term in which it is offered and would combine it with another such course, or two half-courses during the remaining term. The advantage of such a combination of courses is that it allows a more concentrated study of a more limited number of subjects at any given time.

(3) The number of hours or lectures shown after the course description is an attempt to indicate the “normal”; each instructor determines how often his particular class will meet.

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PHYS 15 Government and Politics

An introduction to liberal democratic ideals and a comparative treatment of the institutions and practices of modern democratic government with particular reference to Canada, the United States and Great Britain. Note: This course is restricted to students in the Co-operative Engineering programme.

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PHYS 100 Introduction to Political Science

A study of the origin, nature and impact of contemporary political doctrines including Communism, Fascism, Democratic Socialism and Democratic Capitalism, together with a study of the institutions and practices of modern government, with particular reference to the governments of Canada, the United States and Great Britain.

3 lectures.

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PHYS 101 Introductory Politics

(a) A study of some of the leading political ideas of the contemporary world. (b) A comparative treatment of the institutions and practices of modern government with particular reference to Canada. Note: This course is restricted to students in the Co-operative Mathematics programme. Parts (a) and (b) will be offered in alternate terms.

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PHYS 110 Democratic Government

An examination of the theory and practice of constitutional democracy in modern industrial “mass” society. The relationship between basic political objectives and general features of organization.

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